Korean vocabulary – level 6 (2,618 words)
TOPIK II · advanced
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 불기소bulgiso | noun non-indictment, decision not to prosecute |
| 공소gongso | noun public prosecution, indictment |
| 공소시효gongsosihyo | noun statute of limitations (for criminal prosecution) |
| 각하gakha | noun dismissal (of a suit without review on the merits) |
| 상고sanggo | noun final appeal (to the Supreme Court) |
| 상소sangso | noun appeal (general term) |
| 판결문pangyeolmun | noun written judgment, text of a ruling |
| 구형guhyeong | noun prosecutor's sentencing request |
| 집행유예jiphaengyuye | noun suspended sentence, stay of execution |
| 가석방gaseokbang | noun parole |
| 구속영장gusongnyeongjang | noun arrest warrant, detention warrant |
| 압수수색apsususaek | noun search and seizure, raid |
| 변론byeollon | noun oral argument, pleading, defense |
| 변호인byeonhoin | noun defense counsel, attorney |
| 검찰청geomchalcheong | noun prosecutors' office |
| 헌법재판소heonbeopjaepanso | noun Constitutional Court |
| 합헌hapheon | noun constitutionality |
| 헌법소원heonbeopsowon | noun constitutional complaint |
| 소추sochu | noun prosecution; impeachment (in 탄핵소추) |
| 고소인gosoin | noun complainant (in a criminal complaint) |
| 진술서jinsulseo | noun written statement |
| 위증wijeung | noun perjury, false testimony |
| 증거물jeunggeomul | noun piece of evidence, exhibit |
| 물증muljeung | noun physical evidence |
| 심증simjeung | noun inner conviction, strong suspicion (without proof) |
| 정황jeonghwang | noun circumstances, situation |
| 알리바이allibai | noun alibi |
| 주범jubeom | noun principal offender, ringleader; main culprit |
| 교사범gyosabeom | noun instigator (of a crime) |
| 방조bangjo | noun aiding and abetting |
| 미수misu | noun attempt (attempted crime) |
| 과실치사gwasilchisa | noun involuntary manslaughter, negligent homicide |
| 면책myeonchaek | noun exemption from liability, immunity |
| 면소myeonso | noun dismissal of prosecution (e.g., after the statute of limitations or an amnesty) |
| 감형gamhyeong | noun sentence reduction, commutation |
| 형량hyeongnyang | noun length of a sentence, severity of punishment |
| 금고geumgo | noun imprisonment without labor |
| 벌금형beolgeumhyeong | noun fine (as a criminal sentence) |
| 몰수molsu | noun confiscation, forfeiture |
| 추징chujing | noun forfeiture of equivalent value; collection (of illegal gains or back taxes) |
| 변제byeonje | noun repayment (of a debt) |
| 채권자chaegwonja | noun creditor |
| 채무자chaemuja | noun debtor |
| 저당jeodang | noun mortgage, pledge of property as collateral |
| 근저당geunjeodang | noun maximum-amount mortgage (securing future debts up to a ceiling) |
| 가압류gaamnyu | noun provisional attachment (of assets) |
| 회생hoesaeng | noun rehabilitation (corporate or personal), revival |
| 법인beobin | noun corporation, legal entity |
| 자연인jayeonin | noun natural person (an individual human) |
| 법정대리인beopjeongdaeriin | noun legal representative (e.g., a minor's parent) |
| 후견인hugyeonin | noun guardian |
| 상속인sangsogin | noun heir |
| 유언장yueonjang | noun will (document) |
| 유류분yuryubun | noun legally reserved portion (an heir's forced share) |
| 양수yangsu | noun acquisition by transfer, taking over (rights or property) |
| 점유jeomyu | noun possession, occupation |
| 지상권jisanggwon | noun surface right, superficies (right to use another's land for buildings or trees) |
| 임대차imdaecha | noun lease, rental agreement |
| 전세권jeonsegwon | noun jeonse right (registered right of a lump-sum deposit tenant) |
| 약관yakgwan | noun terms and conditions, terms of service |
| 시행령sihaengnyeong | noun enforcement decree |
| 시행규칙sihaenggyuchik | noun enforcement rules (ministerial ordinance) |
| 법조문beopjomun | noun text of a legal provision, statute article |
| 사법sabeop | noun judiciary, administration of justice |
| 삼권분립samgwonbullip | noun separation of powers |
| 법치beopchi | noun rule of law |
| 죄형법정주의joehyeongbeopjeongjuui | noun principle of legality (no crime or punishment without law) |
| 무죄추정mujoechujeong | noun presumption of innocence |
| 일사부재리ilsabujaeri | noun double jeopardy rule (no retrial for the same case) |
| 소급sogeup | noun retroactivity, going back (in time) |
| 소급적용sogeupjeogyong | noun retroactive application |
| 공증gongjeung | noun notarization |
| 날인narin | noun affixing a seal, stamping |
| 서명날인seomyeongnarin | noun signature and seal |
| 위임장wiimjang | noun letter of authorization, power of attorney |
| 대리권daerigwon | noun power of agency, authority to act for someone |
| 법률행위beomnyulhaengwi | noun juristic act, legal act |
| 불법행위bulbeophaengwi | noun illegal act, unlawful conduct; tort (civil law) |
| 탈법talbeop | noun evasion of the law, circumventing the law |
| 편법pyeonbeop | noun expedient, shortcut, workaround (often improper) |
| 초법적chobeopjeok | determiner extralegal, above the law |
| 명문화myeongmunhwa | noun stipulation in writing, codification |
| 사문화samunhwa | noun becoming a dead letter, falling into disuse (of a law) |
| 개정안gaejeongan | noun amendment bill, proposed revision |
| 비준bijun | noun ratification |
| 배심제baesimje | noun jury system |
| 국민참여재판gungminchamyeojaepan | noun citizen participation trial (Korea's jury-style trial) |
| 재판관jaepangwan | noun judge (esp. a Constitutional Court justice) |
| 법관beopgwan | noun judge, magistrate (formal, collective term) |
| 법무사beommusa | noun judicial scrivener, legal document specialist |
| 민사소송minsasosong | noun civil lawsuit, civil action |
| 형사소송hyeongsasosong | noun criminal proceedings, criminal trial |
| 행정소송haengjeongsosong | noun administrative lawsuit (against a government agency) |
| 집단소송jipdansosong | noun class action, group lawsuit |
| 답변서dapbyeonseo | noun written answer, statement of defense (court filing) |
| 전과자jeongwaja | noun ex-convict, person with a criminal record |
| 누범nubeom | noun repeat offense (within the legal period), repeat offender |
| 초범chobeom | noun first offense, first-time offender |
| 구치소guchiso | noun detention center (for those awaiting trial) |
| 복역bogyeok | noun serving a prison sentence |
| 교화gyohwa | noun reform, moral correction (of offenders) |
| 갱생gaengsaeng | noun rehabilitation, starting a new life |
| 보호관찰bohogwanchal | noun probation |
| 감치gamchi | noun court-ordered detention (for contempt of court) |
| 은닉eunnik | noun concealment, hiding (of assets, evidence, criminals) |
| 배임baeim | noun breach of trust, breach of fiduciary duty |
| 수뢰suroe | noun accepting a bribe |
| 증뢰jeungnoe | noun offering or giving a bribe |
| 알선alseon | noun mediation, arranging, brokering; (law) acting as a go-between |
| 사기죄sagijoe | noun fraud (as a criminal offense) |
| 모욕죄moyokjoe | noun criminal insult (public insult as an offense) |
| 무고mugo | noun false accusation, malicious false report |
| 방화banghwa | noun arson |
| 감금gamgeum | noun confinement, illegal imprisonment |
| 공갈gonggal | noun extortion, blackmail, intimidation; (slang) a lie, bluff |
| 갈취galchwi | noun extortion, shaking someone down |
| 밀수milsu | noun smuggling |
| 변조byeonjo | noun alteration, tampering (of a genuine document); (tech) modulation |
| 도용doyong | noun unauthorized use, theft (of identity, ideas, designs) |
| 초상권chosanggwon | noun right of publicity, right to one's own image |
| 경기부양gyeonggibuyang | noun economic stimulus |
| 경기침체gyeonggichimche | noun recession, economic slump |
| 공황gonghwang | noun economic depression, crisis; panic |
| 스태그플레이션seutaegeupeulleisyeon | noun stagflation |
| 초인플레이션choinpeulleisyeon | noun hyperinflation |
| 긴축재정ginchukjaejeong | noun austerity, tight fiscal policy |
| 양적완화yangjeogwanhwa | noun quantitative easing |
| 통화량tonghwaryang | noun money supply |
| 통화정책tonghwajeongchaek | noun monetary policy |
| 재정정책jaejeongjeongchaek | noun fiscal policy |
| 재정적자jaejeongjeokja | noun budget deficit, fiscal deficit |
| 국가부채gukgabuchae | noun national debt, government debt |
| 부채비율buchaebiyul | noun debt ratio, debt-to-equity ratio |
| 환차익hwanchaik | noun foreign exchange gain, currency gain |
| 환차손hwanchason | noun foreign exchange loss, currency loss |
| 평가절하pyeonggajeolha | noun devaluation (of a currency); underrating, belittling |
| 평가절상pyeonggajeolsang | noun revaluation, appreciation (of a currency) |
| 외환보유액oehwanboyuaek | noun foreign exchange reserves |
| 국제수지gukjesuji | noun balance of payments |
| 경상수지gyeongsangsuji | noun current account balance |
| 무역수지muyeoksuji | noun trade balance |
| 보호무역bohomuyeok | noun protectionism, protective trade |
| 덤핑deomping | noun dumping (selling below cost, esp. abroad) |
| 수입규제suipgyuje | noun import restrictions, import regulation |
| 국내총생산gungnaechongsaengsan | noun gross domestic product (GDP) |
| 국민총소득gungminchongsodeuk | noun gross national income (GNI) |
| 잠재성장률jamjaeseongjangnyul | noun potential growth rate |
| 실질소득siljilsodeuk | noun real income (adjusted for inflation) |
| 명목임금myeongmogimgeum | noun nominal wage |
| 실질임금siljirimgeum | noun real wage (adjusted for inflation) |
| 가처분소득gacheobunsodeuk | noun disposable income |
| 소득분배sodeukbunbae | noun income distribution |
| 지니계수jinigyesu | noun Gini coefficient |
| 누진세nujinse | noun progressive tax |
| 역진세yeokjinse | noun regressive tax |
| 감세gamse | noun tax cut, tax reduction |
| 세수sesu | noun tax revenue |
| 세율seyul | noun tax rate |
| 절세jeolse | noun tax saving (legal ways to pay less tax) |
| 원천징수woncheonjingsu | noun withholding (tax deducted at the source) |
| 법인세beobinse | noun corporate tax, corporate income tax |
| 양도소득세yangdosodeukse | noun capital gains tax |
| 증여세jeungyeose | noun gift tax |
| 재산세jaesanse | noun property tax |
| 종합부동산세jonghapbudongsanse | noun comprehensive real estate holding tax |
| 공시지가gongsijiga | noun officially assessed land price |
| 시가siga | noun market price |
| 호가hoga | noun asking price, quoted price |
| 시세차익sisechaik | noun capital gain, profit from a price difference |
| 투기꾼tugikkun | noun speculator |
| 동산dongsan | noun movable property, personal property |
| 유가증권yugajeunggwon | noun securities |
| 채권시장chaegwonsijang | noun bond market |
| 주가지수jugajisu | noun stock price index |
| 시가총액sigachongaek | noun market capitalization |
| 상장폐지sangjangpyeji | noun delisting (from a stock exchange) |
| 공모주gongmoju | noun IPO shares, publicly offered stock |
| 배당금baedanggeum | noun dividend |
| 대주주daejuju | noun major shareholder, controlling shareholder |
| 소액주주soaekjuju | noun minority shareholder, small shareholder |
| 주주총회jujuchonghoe | noun shareholders' meeting, general meeting of shareholders |
| 이사회isahoe | noun board of directors |
| 경영권gyeongyeonggwon | noun management control, management rights |
| 인수합병insuhapbyeong | noun mergers and acquisitions, M&A |
| 지주회사jijuhoesa | noun holding company |
| 모회사mohoesa | noun parent company |
| 독과점dokgwajeom | noun monopoly and oligopoly |
| 과점gwajeom | noun oligopoly |
| 카르텔kareutel | noun cartel |
| 공정거래gongjeonggeorae | noun fair trade, fair competition |
| 불공정거래bulgongjeonggeorae | noun unfair trade practices |
| 내부자거래naebujageorae | noun insider trading |
| 주가조작jugajojak | noun stock price manipulation |
| 분식회계bunsikhoegye | noun accounting fraud, cooking the books |
| 회계감사hoegyegamsa | noun audit, accounting audit |
| 감사보고서gamsabogoseo | noun audit report |
| 재무제표jaemujepyo | noun financial statements |
| 대차대조표daechadaejopyo | noun balance sheet |
| 손익계산서sonikgyesanseo | noun income statement, profit and loss statement |
| 현금흐름hyeongeumheureum | noun cash flow |
| 영업이익yeongeobiik | noun operating profit, operating income |
| 순이익suniik | noun net profit, net income |
| 감가상각gamgasanggak | noun depreciation |
| 고정비gojeongbi | noun fixed costs |
| 변동비byeondongbi | noun variable costs |
| 손익분기점sonikbungijeom | noun break-even point |
| 한계비용hangyebiyong | noun marginal cost |
| 매몰비용maemolbiyong | noun sunk cost |
| 규모의 경제gyumoui gyeongje | expression economies of scale |
| 수요곡선suyogokseon | noun demand curve |
| 공급곡선gonggeupgokseon | noun supply curve |
| 균형가격gyunhyeonggagyeok | noun equilibrium price |
| 가격탄력성gagyeoktallyeokseong | noun price elasticity |
| 한계효용hangyehyoyong | noun marginal utility |
| 희소성huisoseong | noun scarcity, rarity |
| 재화jaehwa | noun goods |
| 용역yongyeok | noun services (economics); contracted work, outsourcing |
| 공공재gonggongjae | noun public good |
| 사유재산sayujaesan | noun private property |
| 시장실패sijangsilpae | noun market failure |
| 정부실패jeongbusilpae | noun government failure |
| 외부효과oebuhyogwa | noun externality, external effect |
| 보이지 않는 손boiji anneun son | expression the invisible hand (of the market) |
| 자유방임jayubangim | noun laissez-faire |
| 신자유주의sinjayujuui | noun neoliberalism |
| 케인스주의keinseujuui | noun Keynesianism |
| 계획경제gyehoekgyeongje | noun planned economy |
| 혼합경제honhapgyeongje | noun mixed economy |
| 노동시장nodongsijang | noun labor market |
| 임금체불imgeumchebul | noun unpaid wages, wage arrears |
| 노사분규nosabungyu | noun labor dispute |
| 단체교섭danchegyoseop | noun collective bargaining |
| 단체협약danchehyeobyak | noun collective agreement, collective bargaining agreement |
| 태업taeeop | noun work slowdown, go-slow (as a labor protest) |
| 쟁의jaengui | noun dispute (especially a labor dispute) |
| 출자chulja | noun capital contribution, investment (in a company as an owner) |
| 출연금churyeongeum | noun contributed funds, donated endowment (to a foundation or fund) |
| 채무불이행chaemuburihaeng | noun default (on a debt), failure to repay |
| 신용불량sinyongbullyang | noun bad credit, credit delinquency |
| 담보대출dambodaechul | noun secured loan, collateral loan; mortgage |
| 예대마진yedaemajin | noun loan-deposit spread, net interest margin |
| 복리bongni | noun compound interest |
| 단리dalli | noun simple interest |
| 위험자산wiheomjasan | noun risk assets, risky assets |
| 안전자산anjeonjasan | noun safe-haven assets, safe assets |
| 분산투자bunsantuja | noun diversified investment, diversification |
| 포트폴리오poteupollio | noun portfolio (of investments); portfolio (of work samples) |
| 선물seonmul | noun futures, futures contract |
| 옵션opsyeon | noun option (financial contract); option, add-on |
| 파생상품pasaengsangpum | noun derivative(s), derivative product |
| 헤지펀드hejipeondeu | noun hedge fund |
| 사모펀드samopeondeu | noun private equity fund, private fund |
| 벤처캐피털bencheokaepiteol | noun venture capital; venture capital firm |
| 정권교체jeonggwongyoche | noun change of government, transfer of power (to another party) |
| 집권당jipgwondang | noun ruling party, party in power |
| 여소야대yeosoyadae | noun divided government (a ruling party in the minority, opposition in the majority) |
| 연립정부yeollipjeongbu | noun coalition government |
| 내각제naegakje | noun parliamentary system, cabinet system |
| 의원내각제uiwonnaegakje | noun parliamentary system (of government) |
| 국무회의gungmuhoeui | noun Cabinet meeting, State Council meeting |
| 각료gangnyo | noun cabinet member, cabinet minister |
| 입각ipgak | noun joining the cabinet, appointment as a minister |
| 인사청문회insacheongmunhoe | noun confirmation hearing |
| 국정감사gukjeonggamsa | noun parliamentary audit of the government (annual inspection) |
| 국정조사gukjeongjosa | noun parliamentary investigation (into a specific issue) |
| 국정운영gukjeongunyeong | noun running of state affairs, governance |
| 정족수jeongjoksu | noun quorum |
| 가결gagyeol | noun approval (of a bill or motion), passage |
| 부결bugyeol | noun rejection (of a bill or motion), voting down |
| 날치기nalchigi | noun ramming a bill through; purse-snatching, snatch theft |
| 필리버스터pillibeoseuteo | noun filibuster |
| 거부권geobugwon | noun veto, veto power |
| 재의jaeui | noun reconsideration (of a vetoed bill), second vote |
| 추경chugyeong | noun supplementary budget |
| 추가경정예산chugagyeongjeongyesan | noun supplementary budget |
| 결산gyeolsan | noun settlement of accounts, closing of the books; final accounts |
| 보통선거botongseongeo | noun universal suffrage |
| 비례대표biryedaepyo | noun proportional representation; a proportional-representation lawmaker |
| 지역구jiyeokgu | noun electoral district, constituency |
| 보궐선거bogwolseongeo | noun by-election, special election |
| 공천gongcheon | noun party nomination (of a candidate) |
| 경선gyeongseon | noun primary, party race (a competitive vote to pick a candidate or leader) |
| 득표deukpyo | noun winning votes; votes received |
| 득표율deukpyoyul | noun share of the vote, percentage of votes won |
| 매표maepyo | noun vote buying |
| 당론dangnon | noun party line, official party position |
| 당파dangpa | noun faction, partisan group |
| 파벌pabeol | noun clique, faction |
| 계파gyepa | noun faction (within a party), wing |
| 정쟁jeongjaeng | noun political strife, partisan fighting |
| 협치hyeopchi | noun cooperative governance, bipartisan cooperation |
| 극우geugu | noun the far right; far-right |
| 극좌geukjwa | noun the far left; far-left |
| 이데올로기ideollogi | noun ideology |
| 국수주의guksujuui | noun ultranationalism, chauvinism |
| 식민주의singminjuui | noun colonialism |
| 전체주의jeonchejuui | noun totalitarianism |
| 권위주의gwonwijuui | noun authoritarianism |
| 군사독재gunsadokjae | noun military dictatorship |
| 군주제gunjuje | noun monarchy |
| 입헌군주제ipheongunjuje | noun constitutional monarchy |
| 국민주권gungminjugwon | noun popular sovereignty, sovereignty of the people |
| 참정권chamjeonggwon | noun right to participate in politics, suffrage |
| 자유권jayugwon | noun right to freedom, civil liberties |
| 평등권pyeongdeunggwon | noun right to equality, equal rights |
| 저항권jeohanggwon | noun right of resistance (against unjust power) |
| 시민사회siminsahoe | noun civil society |
| 공론장gongnonjang | noun public sphere, forum for public debate |
| 국정지지도gukjeongjijido | noun (presidential) approval rating |
| 레임덕reimdeok | noun lame duck; lame-duck period |
| 관료주의gwallyojuui | noun bureaucracy, bureaucratism, red tape |
| 관료제gwallyoje | noun bureaucracy, bureaucratic system |
| 고위공직자gowigongjikja | noun high-ranking public official, senior government official |
| 엽관제yeopgwanje | noun spoils system (handing out government jobs to party supporters) |
| 행정부haengjeongbu | noun the executive branch, the administration |
| 지방자치단체jibangjachidanche | noun local government, local autonomous body |
| 자치단체장jachidanchejang | noun head of a local government (mayor, governor, county chief) |
| 지방정부jibangjeongbu | noun local government |
| 분권bungwon | noun decentralization, division of power |
| 지방분권jibangbungwon | noun decentralization (transfer of power to local governments) |
| 중앙집권jungangjipgwon | noun centralization of power |
| 권한위임gwonhanwiim | noun delegation of authority |
| 규제완화gyujewanhwa | noun deregulation, easing of regulations |
| 국유화gugyuhwa | noun nationalization |
| 행정명령haengjeongmyeongnyeong | noun executive order, administrative order |
| 행정처분haengjeongcheobun | noun administrative action, administrative sanction |
| 인허가inheoga | noun licensing, permits and authorizations |
| 허가제heogaje | noun permit system, licensing system |
| 신고제singoje | noun notification system, reporting system |
| 감사원gamsawon | noun Board of Audit and Inspection (Korea's national audit agency) |
| 옴부즈맨ombujeumaen | noun ombudsman |
| 정책결정jeongchaekgyeoljeong | noun policy-making, policy decision |
| 의제설정uijeseoljeong | noun agenda-setting |
| 입법예고ipbeobyego | noun advance notice of proposed legislation |
| 유예yuye | noun grace period, deferment, suspension |
| 동결donggyeol | noun freeze (of wages, prices, assets) |
| 시정sijeong | noun correction, rectification |
| 적폐jeokpye | noun deep-rooted evils, accumulated corrupt practices |
| 과거사gwageosa | noun past history (especially painful or unresolved past events) |
| 진상규명jinsanggyumyeong | noun fact-finding, uncovering the truth |
| 특검teukgeom | noun special counsel, special prosecutor (investigation) |
| 특별검사teukbyeolgeomsa | noun special prosecutor, independent counsel |
| 수사권susagwon | noun investigative authority, power to investigate |
| 기소권gisogwon | noun power to indict, prosecutorial authority |
| 검경geomgyeong | noun the prosecution and the police |
| 공권력gonggwonnyeok | noun governmental authority, state power (often police force) |
| 계엄gyeeom | noun martial law |
| 계엄령gyeeomnyeong | noun martial law (decree) |
| 국가보안법gukgaboanbeop | noun National Security Act (South Korea) |
| 국가안보gukgaanbo | noun national security |
| 모병제mobyeongje | noun volunteer military system, all-volunteer force |
| 대체복무daechebongmu | noun alternative (civilian) service in place of military service |
| 군축gunchuk | noun arms reduction, disarmament |
| 영사yeongsa | noun consul |
| 공관gonggwan | noun diplomatic mission (embassy or consulate); official residence |
| 단교dangyo | noun severance of diplomatic relations |
| 국교gukgyo | noun diplomatic relations (between countries) |
| 국교정상화gukgyojeongsanghwa | noun normalization of diplomatic relations |
| 정상외교jeongsangoegyo | noun summit diplomacy |
| 다자외교dajaoegyo | noun multilateral diplomacy |
| 양자회담yangjahoedam | noun bilateral talks |
| 실무회담silmuhoedam | noun working-level talks |
| 의정서uijeongseo | noun protocol (international agreement) |
| 공동성명gongdongseongmyeong | noun joint statement, joint communiqué |
| 선언문seoneonmun | noun declaration, written proclamation |
| 결의안gyeoruian | noun resolution (proposed or adopted) |
| 안전보장이사회anjeonbojangisahoe | noun (UN) Security Council |
| 상임이사국sangimisaguk | noun permanent member (of the UN Security Council) |
| 비정부기구bijeongbugigu | noun non-governmental organization (NGO) |
| 동맹국dongmaengguk | noun ally, allied nation |
| 우방ubang | noun friendly nation, ally |
| 적성국jeokseongguk | noun hostile state, enemy nation |
| 패권주의paegwonjuui | noun hegemonism, power politics |
| 초강대국chogangdaeguk | noun superpower |
| 세력균형seryeokgyunhyeong | noun balance of power |
| 지정학jijeonghak | noun geopolitics |
| 지정학적jijeonghakjeok | determiner geopolitical |
| 탈냉전tallaengjeon | noun post-Cold War (era) |
| 데탕트detangteu | noun détente, easing of tensions |
| 긴장완화ginjangwanhwa | noun easing of tensions, détente |
| 화해무드hwahaemudeu | noun mood of reconciliation, conciliatory atmosphere |
| 평화협정pyeonghwahyeopjeong | noun peace treaty, peace agreement |
| 정전협정jeongjeonhyeopjeong | noun armistice agreement |
| 휴전선hyujeonseon | noun Military Demarcation Line, armistice line |
| 비무장지대bimujangjidae | noun demilitarized zone (DMZ) |
| 귀화gwihwa | noun naturalization (acquiring citizenship) |
| 이중국적ijunggukjeok | noun dual citizenship, dual nationality |
| 무국적mugukjeok | noun statelessness, having no nationality |
| 내정간섭naejeongganseop | noun interference in internal affairs |
| 내정불간섭naejeongbulganseop | noun non-interference in internal affairs |
| 주권침해jugwonchimhae | noun violation of sovereignty, infringement of sovereignty |
| 영토분쟁yeongtobunjaeng | noun territorial dispute |
| 영유권yeongyugwon | noun territorial sovereignty, territorial claim |
| 영해yeonghae | noun territorial waters |
| 영공yeonggong | noun (territorial) airspace |
| 배타적경제수역baetajeokgyeongjesuyeok | noun exclusive economic zone (EEZ) |
| 경제제재gyeongjejejae | noun economic sanctions |
| 금수조치geumsujochi | noun embargo |
| 보복관세bobokgwanse | noun retaliatory tariff |
| 통상마찰tongsangmachal | noun trade friction, trade dispute |
| 통상tongsang | noun trade, commerce (between countries) |
| 자유무역협정jayumuyeokhyeopjeong | noun free trade agreement (FTA) |
| 반세계화bansegyehwa | noun anti-globalization |
| 초국적chogukjeok | determiner transnational, multinational |
| 상호주의sanghojuui | noun reciprocity, the principle of reciprocity |
| 호혜hohye | noun mutual benefit, reciprocity |
| 공적개발원조gongjeokgaebarwonjo | noun official development assistance (ODA) |
| 인도적 지원indojeok jiwon | expression humanitarian aid, humanitarian assistance |
| 평화유지군pyeonghwayujigun | noun peacekeeping force, peacekeepers |
| 철군cheolgun | noun troop withdrawal, pullout |
| 주둔군judungun | noun stationed troops, garrison |
| 군비gunbi | noun armaments, military buildup |
| 군비경쟁gunbigyeongjaeng | noun arms race |
| 핵확산haekhwaksan | noun nuclear proliferation |
| 핵실험haeksilheom | noun nuclear test |
| 선제공격seonjegonggyeok | noun preemptive strike, first strike |
| 침공chimgong | noun invasion |
| 점령jeomnyeong | noun occupation, capture (of territory) |
| 병합byeonghap | noun annexation, merger |
| 자치권jachigwon | noun autonomy, right of self-government |
| 분리독립bullidongnip | noun secession, independence (by breaking away) |
| 분쟁지역bunjaengjiyeok | noun conflict zone, disputed area |
| 테러리즘tereorijeum | noun terrorism |
| 대테러daeteoreo | noun counterterrorism, anti-terror |
| 포로poro | noun prisoner of war, captive |
| 전범jeonbeom | noun war criminal |
| 전쟁범죄jeonjaengbeomjoe | noun war crime |
| 학살haksal | noun massacre, slaughter |
| 대량학살daeryanghaksal | noun mass killing, genocide |
| 제노사이드jenosaideu | noun genocide |
| 국제사법재판소gukjesabeopjaepanso | noun International Court of Justice (ICJ) |
| 교섭gyoseop | noun negotiation(s), bargaining |
| 타결tagyeol | noun settlement, agreement (of negotiations) |
| 결렬gyeollyeol | noun breakdown, collapse (of talks) |
| 난항nanhang | noun rough going, difficulties (in progress) |
| 교착상태gyochaksangtae | noun deadlock, stalemate |
| 물밑접촉mulmitjeopchok | noun behind-the-scenes contact, backchannel talks |
| 막후makhu | noun behind the scenes |
| 의전uijeon | noun protocol, ceremonial etiquette |
| 국빈gukbin | noun state guest |
| 국빈방문gukbinbangmun | noun state visit |
| 예방yebang | noun courtesy call |
| 환담hwandam | noun pleasant conversation, friendly chat |
| 친서chinseo | noun personal letter (from a head of state) |
| 외교문서oegyomunseo | noun diplomatic document(s) |
| 외교적 수사oegyojeok susa | expression diplomatic rhetoric, diplomatic language |
| 유감표명yugampyomyeong | noun expression of regret |
| 규탄gyutan | noun condemnation, denunciation |
| 성토seongto | noun public denunciation, outcry |
| 초치chochi | noun summoning (of an ambassador) |
| 기피인물gipiinmul | noun persona non grata |
| 면책특권myeonchaekteukgwon | noun immunity (diplomatic or parliamentary) |
| 치외법권chioebeopgwon | noun extraterritoriality |
| 형이상학hyeongisanghak | noun metaphysics |
| 인식론insingnon | noun epistemology |
| 존재론jonjaeron | noun ontology |
| 윤리학yullihak | noun ethics |
| 미학mihak | noun aesthetics |
| 논리학nollihak | noun logic (the discipline) |
| 변증법byeonjeungbeop | noun dialectic(s) |
| 유물론yumullon | noun materialism (philosophy) |
| 관념론gwannyeomnon | noun idealism (philosophy) |
| 경험론gyeongheomnon | noun empiricism |
| 합리론hamniron | noun rationalism |
| 실증주의siljeungjuui | noun positivism |
| 실존주의siljonjuui | noun existentialism |
| 구조주의gujojuui | noun structuralism |
| 탈구조주의talgujojuui | noun post-structuralism |
| 포스트모더니즘poseuteumodeonijeum | noun postmodernism |
| 허무주의heomujuui | noun nihilism |
| 쾌락주의kwaerakjuui | noun hedonism |
| 금욕주의geumyokjuui | noun asceticism; stoicism |
| 공리주의gongnijuui | noun utilitarianism |
| 의무론uimuron | noun deontology, duty-based ethics |
| 결과주의gyeolgwajuui | noun consequentialism |
| 상대주의sangdaejuui | noun relativism |
| 절대주의jeoldaejuui | noun absolutism |
| 보편주의bopyeonjuui | noun universalism |
| 불가지론bulgajiron | noun agnosticism |
| 무신론musinnon | noun atheism |
| 유신론yusinnon | noun theism |
| 범신론beomsinnon | noun pantheism |
| 결정론gyeoljeongnon | noun determinism |
| 자유의지jayuuiji | noun free will |
| 목적론mokjeongnon | noun teleology |
| 이원론iwonnon | noun dualism |
| 일원론irwonnon | noun monism |
| 현상학hyeonsanghak | noun phenomenology |
| 초월chowol | noun transcendence, going beyond |
| 초월적chowoljeok | determiner transcendent, transcendental |
| 선험적seonheomjeok | determiner a priori; transcendental (Kant) |
| 후험적huheomjeok | determiner a posteriori |
| 연역yeonyeok | noun deduction |
| 귀납gwinap | noun induction (reasoning) |
| 연역법yeonyeokbeop | noun deductive method, deductive reasoning |
| 귀납법gwinapbeop | noun inductive method, inductive reasoning |
| 대전제daejeonje | noun major premise; basic assumption |
| 삼단논법samdannonbeop | noun syllogism |
| 자가당착jagadangchak | noun self-contradiction |
| 순환논증sunhwannonjeung | noun circular reasoning, circular argument |
| 공리gongni | noun axiom |
| 정언명령jeongeonmyeongnyeong | noun categorical imperative |
| 도덕률dodeongnyul | noun moral law, moral code |
| 덕성deokseong | noun virtue, moral character |
| 악덕akdeok | noun vice; unscrupulous (as a modifier) |
| 선악seonak | noun good and evil |
| 시비sibi | noun right and wrong; dispute, quarrel |
| 형평hyeongpyeong | noun equity, fairness, balance |
| 인륜illyun | noun basic human morality, moral duties between people |
| 천륜cheollyun | noun natural bond of kinship, blood ties |
| 패륜paeryun | noun gross immorality, violation of human morality (esp. toward family) |
| 도리dori | noun duty, the right thing to do; way, means |
| 자성jaseong | noun self-reflection, soul-searching |
| 성찰seongchal | noun reflection, introspection |
| 자아성찰jaaseongchal | noun self-reflection, self-examination |
| 관조gwanjo | noun contemplation |
| 해탈haetal | noun liberation, release (from suffering and rebirth) |
| 열반yeolban | noun nirvana; death of the Buddha or a great monk |
| 윤회yunhoe | noun reincarnation, cycle of rebirth |
| 업보eopbo | noun karma, karmic retribution |
| 자비jabi | noun mercy, compassion |
| 보시bosi | noun almsgiving, charitable giving (Buddhist) |
| 수도sudo | noun religious discipline, spiritual training |
| 수도승sudoseung | noun monk |
| 수녀sunyeo | noun nun |
| 법당beopdang | noun Buddhist temple hall, dharma hall |
| 성서seongseo | noun the Bible; holy scripture |
| 코란koran | noun the Quran, the Koran |
| 교리gyori | noun doctrine, dogma |
| 교단gyodan | noun religious body, religious order |
| 교파gyopa | noun denomination, sect |
| 종파jongpa | noun sect, denomination |
| 이단idan | noun heresy; heretical group |
| 사이비saibi | noun pseudo-, fake; cult |
| 신앙심sinangsim | noun religious faith, piety, devotion |
| 신도sindo | noun believer, follower (of a religion) |
| 목회자mokhoeja | noun pastor, minister, clergy |
| 선교seongyo | noun missionary work, mission |
| 포교pogyo | noun propagation of a religion (esp. Buddhism) |
| 전도jeondo | noun evangelism, preaching |
| 개종gaejong | noun religious conversion |
| 세례serye | noun baptism; (figurative) barrage |
| 기도문gidomun | noun prayer (written text) |
| 찬송chansong | noun hymn; praise |
| 구원guwon | noun salvation; rescue |
| 속죄sokjoe | noun atonement, penance, redemption |
| 원죄wonjoe | noun original sin |
| 극락geungnak | noun (Buddhist) paradise, the Pure Land; bliss |
| 내세naese | noun the afterlife, the next life |
| 현세hyeonse | noun this world, this life, the present world |
| 영생yeongsaeng | noun eternal life, immortality |
| 부활buhwal | noun resurrection; revival, comeback |
| 계시gyesi | noun revelation, divine message |
| 예언자yeeonja | noun prophet |
| 신탁sintak | noun oracle (divine pronouncement); trust (finance) |
| 신비주의sinbijuui | noun mysticism; secrecy (about one's private life) |
| 샤머니즘syameonijeum | noun shamanism |
| 무속musok | noun (Korean) shamanism, shamanic folk practice |
| 토속신앙tosoksinang | noun folk religion, indigenous beliefs |
| 조상숭배josangsungbae | noun ancestor worship, ancestor veneration |
| 유학yuhak | noun Confucianism, Confucian studies |
| 성리학seongnihak | noun Neo-Confucianism |
| 실학silhak | noun Silhak, the Practical Learning movement (late Joseon) |
| 도교dogyo | noun Taoism, Daoism |
| 노장사상nojangsasang | noun the philosophy of Laozi and Zhuangzi, Taoist thought |
| 무위자연muwijayeon | noun non-action and naturalness (Taoist ideal); living naturally without striving |
| 인의예지inuiyeji | noun benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom (the four Confucian virtues) |
| 삼강오륜samgangoryun | noun the Three Bonds and Five Relationships (Confucian moral code) |
| 충효chunghyo | noun loyalty and filial piety |
| 효제hyoje | noun filial piety and brotherly respect |
| 군자gunja | noun a man of virtue, a noble person (Confucian ideal) |
| 소인배soinbae | noun petty person, small-minded people |
| 선비정신seonbijeongsin | noun the scholar's spirit (integrity, frugality and principle of Joseon scholars) |
| 안빈낙도anbinnakdo | noun contentment in poverty, finding joy in the right way despite being poor |
| 수신제가susinjega | noun cultivating oneself and managing one's family (first steps of good leadership) |
| 잠재의식jamjaeuisik | noun the subconscious, subconscious mind |
| 자의식jauisik | noun self-consciousness, self-awareness |
| 초자아chojaa | noun superego |
| 리비도ribido | noun libido |
| 억제eokje | noun suppression, restraint, inhibition, control |
| 승화seunghwa | noun sublimation (psychology, chemistry); turning something into a higher form |
| 투사tusa | noun projection (psychology) |
| 방어기제bangeogije | noun defense mechanism |
| 퇴행toehaeng | noun regression; degeneration |
| 외상후스트레스장애oesanghuseuteureseujangae | noun post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD |
| 강박관념gangbakgwannyeom | noun obsession, obsessive idea |
| 강박증gangbakjeung | noun obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD; obsessive tendency |
| 편집증pyeonjipjeung | noun paranoia |
| 환각hwangak | noun hallucination |
| 환청hwancheong | noun auditory hallucination, hearing voices |
| 조현병johyeonbyeong | noun schizophrenia |
| 조울증jouljeung | noun manic depression, bipolar disorder |
| 양극성장애yanggeukseongjangae | noun bipolar disorder |
| 불안장애buranjangae | noun anxiety disorder |
| 대인기피증daeingipijeung | noun anthropophobia, fear of people, avoiding social contact |
| 사회공포증sahoegongpojeung | noun social phobia, social anxiety disorder |
| 폐소공포증pyesogongpojeung | noun claustrophobia |
| 결벽증gyeolbyeokjeung | noun mysophobia, compulsive cleanliness, being a neat freak |
| 기면증gimyeonjeung | noun narcolepsy |
| 거식증geosikjeung | noun anorexia (nervosa) |
| 폭식증poksikjeung | noun bulimia; binge-eating disorder |
| 자폐증japyejeung | noun autism |
| 주의력결핍juuiryeokgyeolpip | noun attention deficit |
| 과잉행동gwainghaengdong | noun hyperactivity |
| 인지능력injineungnyeok | noun cognitive ability |
| 인지부조화injibujohwa | noun cognitive dissonance |
| 인지행동치료injihaengdongchiryo | noun cognitive behavioral therapy, CBT |
| 지각jigak | noun perception |
| 착시chaksi | noun optical illusion |
| 성정seongjeong | noun temperament, nature, disposition |
| 심성simseong | noun one's heart, nature, disposition |
| 품성pumseong | noun character, moral character |
| 자괴감jagoegam | noun shame, feeling ashamed of oneself, self-reproach |
| 상대적 박탈감sangdaejeok baktalgam | expression relative deprivation, feeling left behind compared to others |
| 무력감muryeokgam | noun helplessness, powerlessness |
| 자책감jachaekgam | noun guilt, self-blame |
| 모멸감momyeolgam | noun humiliation, feeling insulted or looked down on |
| 굴욕감guryokgam | noun humiliation, sense of disgrace |
| 위화감wihwagam | noun sense of incongruity, feeling out of place, discomfort |
| 이질감ijilgam | noun sense of difference, feeling of foreignness |
| 괴리감goerigam | noun sense of disconnect, gap between expectation and reality |
| 적개심jeokgaesim | noun hostility, animosity |
| 혐오감hyeomogam | noun disgust, revulsion, aversion |
| 시기심sigisim | noun jealousy, envy (resentful of others' success) |
| 공명심gongmyeongsim | noun desire for fame and credit, ambition for glory |
| 명예욕myeongyeyok | noun desire for honor, thirst for fame |
| 권력욕gwollyeogyok | noun lust for power, desire for power |
| 물욕mullyok | noun material desire, greed for possessions |
| 성욕seongnyok | noun sexual desire, libido |
| 소유욕soyuyok | noun possessiveness, desire to own |
| 과시욕gwasiyok | noun urge to show off, desire to flaunt |
| 승부욕seungbuyok | noun competitive spirit, will to win |
| 내적 동기naejeok donggi | expression intrinsic motivation |
| 외적 동기oejeok donggi | expression extrinsic motivation |
| 보상심리bosangsimni | noun compensatory mindset, urge to make up for something |
| 피해의식pihaeuisik | noun victim mentality, persecution complex |
| 과대망상gwadaemangsang | noun delusions of grandeur, megalomania |
| 나르시시즘nareusisijeum | noun narcissism |
| 자기애jagiae | noun self-love, narcissism |
| 이타심itasim | noun altruism, selflessness |
| 감정이입gamjeongiip | noun empathy, emotional identification |
| 카타르시스katareusiseu | noun catharsis, emotional release |
| 번민beonmin | noun anguish, mental agony, torment |
| 번뇌beonnoe | noun worldly anguish, earthly desires and suffering |
| 고뇌gonoe | noun agony, anguish, deep distress |
| 비애biae | noun sorrow, grief, pathos |
| 애수aesu | noun melancholy, wistful sadness |
| 비탄bitan | noun grief, lamentation |
| 회한hoehan | noun remorse, bitter regret |
| 애환aehwan | noun joys and sorrows, ups and downs of life |
| 한스럽다hanseureopda | adjective to be deeply regrettable, full of sorrow and resentment |
| 서글프다seogeulpeuda | adjective to be sad, sorrowful, forlorn |
| 처연하다cheoyeonhada | adjective to be forlorn, pitiful, sorrowful |
| 애달프다aedalpeuda | adjective to be heartrending, poignant, achingly sad |
| 구슬프다guseulpeuda | adjective to be plaintive, mournful (of sounds) |
| 허망하다heomanghada | adjective to be futile, vain, empty |
| 덧없다deodeopda | adjective to be fleeting, transient, ephemeral |
| 비통하다bitonghada | adjective to be grief-stricken, deeply sorrowful |
| 심란하다simnanhada | adjective to be unsettled, troubled, restless in mind |
| 뒤숭숭하다dwisungsunghada | adjective to be uneasy, unsettled; restless (of mood or atmosphere) |
| 싱숭생숭하다singsungsaengsunghada | adjective to feel restless, fidgety, unable to settle (often from spring or excitement) |
| 안절부절못하다anjeolbujeolmotada | verb to be on pins and needles, unable to keep still from anxiety |
| 전전긍긍하다jeonjeongeunggeunghada | verb to be on edge, live in constant fear, tremble with worry |
| 노심초사하다nosimchosahada | verb to worry anxiously, fret |
| 애틋하다aeteutada | adjective to be tender and affectionate (with longing); touching, poignant |
| 아련하다aryeonhada | adjective to be faint, hazy; wistfully dim (of memories) |
| 감개무량하다gamgaemuryanghada | adjective to be overwhelmed with emotion, deeply moved |
| 의아하다uiahada | adjective to be puzzled, doubtful, curious |
| 곤혹스럽다gonhokseureopda | adjective to be embarrassed, perplexed, put on the spot |
| 면구스럽다myeonguseureopda | adjective to be ashamed, embarrassed (to face someone) |
| 송구하다songguhada | adjective to be sorry, feel deeply apologetic (very formal) |
| 황송하다hwangsonghada | adjective to be humbled, overwhelmed with gratitude (by undeserved kindness) |
| 겸연쩍다gyeomyeonjjeokda | adjective to be awkward, sheepish, embarrassed |
| 원통하다wontonghada | adjective to be bitterly resentful (over an injustice), feel wronged |
| 야속하다yasokada | adjective to be hurtfully cold, unkind (making you feel let down) |
| 병리byeongni | noun pathology (the nature and causes of disease) |
| 병리학byeongnihak | noun pathology (as a medical field) |
| 병인byeongin | noun cause of a disease, etiology |
| 병변byeongbyeon | noun lesion (tissue change caused by disease) |
| 병소byeongso | noun focus of disease, affected site |
| 병세byeongse | noun patient's condition, state of an illness |
| 증후군jeunghugun | noun syndrome |
| 금단증상geumdanjeungsang | noun withdrawal symptoms |
| 전구증상jeongujeungsang | noun prodromal symptoms, early warning signs |
| 잠복기jambokgi | noun incubation period, latent period |
| 발병률balbyeongnyul | noun incidence rate (of a disease) |
| 유병률yubyeongnyul | noun prevalence (of a disease) |
| 치사율chisayul | noun fatality rate, case fatality rate |
| 사망률samangnyul | noun mortality rate, death rate |
| 이환율ihwanyul | noun morbidity rate, rate of falling ill |
| 역학yeokhak | noun epidemiology |
| 역학조사yeokhakjosa | noun epidemiological investigation, contact tracing |
| 풍토병pungtobyeong | noun endemic disease |
| 유행병yuhaengbyeong | noun epidemic, epidemic disease |
| 대유행daeyuhaeng | noun pandemic; huge craze |
| 집단면역jipdanmyeonyeok | noun herd immunity |
| 항원hangwon | noun antigen |
| 면역결핍myeonyeokgyeolpip | noun immunodeficiency |
| 자가면역jagamyeonyeok | noun autoimmunity |
| 병원균byeongwongyun | noun pathogen, disease-causing germ |
| 병원체byeongwonche | noun pathogen, disease-causing agent |
| 진균jingyun | noun fungus (medical term) |
| 기생충gisaengchung | noun parasite, parasitic worm |
| 숙주sukju | noun host (organism a parasite or virus lives on) |
| 변종byeonjong | noun variant, mutant strain; variety |
| 항생물질hangsaengmuljil | noun antibiotic substance, antibiotic |
| 소염제soyeomje | noun anti-inflammatory drug |
| 마취제machwije | noun anesthetic |
| 전신마취jeonsinmachwi | noun general anesthesia |
| 국소마취guksomachwi | noun local anesthesia |
| 진정제jinjeongje | noun sedative, tranquilizer |
| 항우울제hanguulje | noun antidepressant |
| 투여tuyeo | noun administration (of a drug), dosing |
| 주사제jusaje | noun injectable drug, injection |
| 동맥dongmaek | noun artery |
| 정맥jeongmaek | noun vein |
| 모세혈관mosehyeolgwan | noun capillary |
| 혈전hyeoljeon | noun blood clot, thrombus |
| 혈중hyeoljung | noun in the blood, blood (level) |
| 고지혈증gojihyeoljeung | noun hyperlipidemia, high cholesterol |
| 동맥경화dongmaekgyeonghwa | noun arteriosclerosis, hardening of the arteries |
| 심근경색simgeungyeongsaek | noun myocardial infarction, heart attack |
| 협심증hyeopsimjeung | noun angina (pectoris) |
| 부정맥bujeongmaek | noun arrhythmia, irregular heartbeat |
| 뇌출혈noechulhyeol | noun cerebral hemorrhage, brain bleed |
| 뇌경색noegyeongsaek | noun cerebral infarction, ischemic stroke |
| 알츠하이머alcheuhaimeo | noun Alzheimer's disease |
| 파킨슨병pakinseunbyeong | noun Parkinson's disease |
| 뇌사noesa | noun brain death |
| 식물인간singmuringan | noun person in a vegetative state |
| 혼수상태honsusangtae | noun coma, comatose state |
| 의식불명uisikbulmyeong | noun unconsciousness, loss of consciousness |
| 집도jipdo | noun performing surgery (as the lead surgeon) |
| 절개jeolgae | noun incision, cutting open |
| 봉합bonghap | noun suture, stitching (a wound) |
| 절제jeolje | noun surgical removal, excision, resection |
| 장기이식janggiisik | noun organ transplant |
| 기증gijeung | noun donation (of organs, goods, etc.) |
| 조직검사jojikgeomsa | noun biopsy, tissue examination |
| 자기공명영상jagigongmyeongyeongsang | noun magnetic resonance imaging, MRI |
| 컴퓨터단층촬영keompyuteodancheungchwaryeong | noun computed tomography, CT scan |
| 판독pandok | noun reading, interpretation (of scans or test results) |
| 소견sogyeon | noun (doctor's) findings, opinion; one's view |
| 소견서sogyeonseo | noun doctor's note, medical opinion letter, referral |
| 오진ojin | noun misdiagnosis |
| 의료분쟁uiryobunjaeng | noun medical dispute, malpractice dispute |
| 임상시험imsangsiheom | noun clinical trial |
| 임상실험imsangsilheom | noun clinical experiment, clinical trial |
| 위약wiyak | noun placebo |
| 위약효과wiyakhyogwa | noun placebo effect |
| 플라시보peullasibo | noun placebo |
| 악성종양akseongjongyang | noun malignant tumor |
| 관해gwanhae | noun remission |
| 말기malgi | noun terminal stage, final stage |
| 시한부sihanbu | noun terminally ill; having limited time |
| 호스피스hoseupiseu | noun hospice (care) |
| 완화의료wanhwauiryo | noun palliative care |
| 연명치료yeonmyeongchiryo | noun life-sustaining treatment, life support |
| 안락사allaksa | noun euthanasia |
| 존엄사joneomsa | noun death with dignity (by stopping life support) |
| 신경외과singyeongoegwa | noun neurosurgery (department) |
| 비뇨기과binyogigwa | noun urology (department) |
| 침술chimsul | noun acupuncture |
| 뜸tteum | noun moxibustion |
| 진맥jinmaek | noun pulse diagnosis (in Korean medicine) |
| 기혈gihyeol | noun qi and blood, vital energy and blood |
| 신진대사sinjindaesa | noun metabolism |
| 대사증후군daesajeunghugun | noun metabolic syndrome |
| 내분비naebunbi | noun endocrine (secretion) |
| 갑상선gapsangseon | noun thyroid (gland) |
| 췌장chwejang | noun pancreas |
| 간장ganjang | noun liver (organ) |
| 신장sinjang | noun kidney |
| 비장bijang | noun spleen |
| 담낭damnang | noun gallbladder |
| 십이지장sibijijang | noun duodenum |
| 대장daejang | noun large intestine, colon |
| 식도sikdo | noun esophagus |
| 기관지gigwanji | noun bronchial tubes, bronchi |
| 결핵gyeolhaek | noun tuberculosis, TB |
| 궤양gweyang | noun ulcer |
| 위궤양wigweyang | noun stomach ulcer, gastric ulcer |
| 탈구talgu | noun dislocation (of a joint) |
| 염좌yeomjwa | noun sprain |
| 인대indae | noun ligament |
| 연골yeongol | noun cartilage |
| 척수cheoksu | noun spinal cord |
| 골다공증goldagongjeung | noun osteoporosis |
| 통풍tongpung | noun gout |
| 과체중gwachejung | noun overweight (condition) |
| 가설검증gaseolgeomjeung | noun hypothesis testing |
| 변인byeonin | noun variable (in research) |
| 독립변인dongnipbyeonin | noun independent variable |
| 종속변인jongsokbyeonin | noun dependent variable |
| 통제변인tongjebyeonin | noun controlled variable |
| 대조군daejogun | noun control group |
| 실험군silheomgun | noun experimental group, treatment group |
| 표본추출pyobonchuchul | noun sampling (statistics) |
| 모집단mojipdan | noun population (statistics) |
| 무작위mujagwi | noun randomness; random |
| 통계적 유의성tonggyejeok yuuiseong | expression statistical significance |
| 회귀분석hoegwibunseok | noun regression analysis |
| 표준편차pyojunpyeoncha | noun standard deviation |
| 중앙값junganggap | noun median |
| 최빈값choebingap | noun mode (statistics) |
| 분산bunsan | noun variance (statistics); dispersion, spreading out |
| 오차범위ochabeomwi | noun margin of error |
| 신뢰도silloedo | noun reliability; level of trust |
| 타당도tadangdo | noun validity (research) |
| 정량적jeongnyangjeok | determiner quantitative |
| 정성적jeongseongjeok | determiner qualitative |
| 계량gyeryang | noun measuring (amounts or weight); quantification |
| 측정치cheukjeongchi | noun measured value, measurement |
| 수치화suchihwa | noun quantification, converting into numbers |
| 재현성jaehyeonseong | noun reproducibility, replicability |
| 선행연구seonhaengyeongu | noun previous research, prior studies |
| 문헌연구munheonyeongu | noun literature review, documentary research |
| 학술대회haksuldaehoe | noun academic conference |
| 각주gakju | noun footnote |
| 미주miju | noun endnote |
| 동료평가dongnyopyeongga | noun peer review |
| 심사위원simsawiwon | noun judge, reviewer, examining committee member |
| 연구윤리yeonguyulli | noun research ethics |
| 연구부정yeongubujeong | noun research misconduct |
| 학위논문hagwinonmun | noun thesis, dissertation |
| 박사과정baksagwajeong | noun doctoral program, PhD course |
| 기초과학gichogwahak | noun basic science, fundamental science |
| 응용과학eungyonggwahak | noun applied science |
| 학제간hakjegan | noun interdisciplinary |
| 양자역학yangjayeokhak | noun quantum mechanics |
| 상대성이론sangdaeseongiron | noun theory of relativity |
| 고전역학gojeonyeokhak | noun classical mechanics |
| 열역학yeollyeokhak | noun thermodynamics |
| 전자기학jeonjagihak | noun electromagnetism (field of study) |
| 유체역학yucheyeokhak | noun fluid mechanics, fluid dynamics |
| 천체물리학cheonchemullihak | noun astrophysics |
| 소립자soripja | noun elementary particle, subatomic particle |
| 원자핵wonjahaek | noun atomic nucleus |
| 양성자yangseongja | noun proton |
| 중성자jungseongja | noun neutron |
| 광자gwangja | noun photon |
| 쿼크kwokeu | noun quark |
| 핵분열haekbunyeol | noun nuclear fission |
| 핵융합haengnyunghap | noun nuclear fusion |
| 반감기bangamgi | noun half-life |
| 동위원소dongwiwonso | noun isotope |
| 주기율표jugiyulpyo | noun periodic table |
| 혼합물honhammul | noun mixture |
| 분자식bunjasik | noun molecular formula |
| 화학식hwahaksik | noun chemical formula |
| 환원hwanwon | noun reduction (chemistry); return, giving back |
| 용매yongmae | noun solvent |
| 용질yongjil | noun solute |
| 용액yongaek | noun solution (chemistry) |
| 포화pohwa | noun saturation |
| 침전chimjeon | noun precipitation (chemistry), sedimentation |
| 증류jeungnyu | noun distillation |
| 여과yeogwa | noun filtration, filtering |
| 응고eunggo | noun coagulation, solidification, clotting |
| 응결eunggyeol | noun condensation |
| 기화gihwa | noun vaporization |
| 액화aekhwa | noun liquefaction |
| 융해yunghae | noun melting, fusion (solid to liquid) |
| 알칼리성alkalliseong | noun alkalinity; alkaline |
| 중성jungseong | noun neutrality (chemistry), neutral; gender neutrality |
| 수소이온농도susoionnongdo | noun hydrogen ion concentration (measured as pH) |
| 유기물yugimul | noun organic matter, organic substance |
| 무기물mugimul | noun inorganic matter, mineral |
| 고분자gobunja | noun polymer, macromolecule |
| 헬륨hellyum | noun helium |
| 나트륨nateuryum | noun sodium |
| 칼륨kallyum | noun potassium |
| 마그네슘mageunesyum | noun magnesium |
| 만유인력manyuillyeok | noun universal gravitation, gravity |
| 가속도gasokdo | noun acceleration |
| 운동량undongnyang | noun momentum (physics); amount of exercise |
| 마찰력machallyeok | noun frictional force, friction |
| 원심력wonsimnyeok | noun centrifugal force |
| 구심력gusimnyeok | noun centripetal force; cohesive power |
| 탄성tanseong | noun elasticity |
| 파동padong | noun wave, wave motion; fluctuation, shock |
| 진폭jinpok | noun amplitude |
| 굴절guljeol | noun refraction; bending |
| 회절hoejeol | noun diffraction |
| 간섭ganseop | noun interference (of waves); meddling |
| 스펙트럼seupekteureom | noun spectrum |
| 적외선jeogoeseon | noun infrared rays, infrared |
| 가시광선gasigwangseon | noun visible light |
| 전자기파jeonjagipa | noun electromagnetic wave |
| 저항jeohang | noun (electrical) resistance; resistance, opposition |
| 도체doche | noun conductor |
| 부도체budoche | noun insulator, nonconductor |
| 초전도체chojeondoche | noun superconductor |
| 자기장jagijang | noun magnetic field |
| 전기장jeongijang | noun electric field |
| 유전체yujeonche | noun dielectric |
| 게놈genom | noun genome |
| 염색체yeomsaekche | noun chromosome |
| 디엔에이dieneei | noun DNA |
| 유전공학yujeongonghak | noun genetic engineering |
| 유전자변형yujeonjabyeonhyeong | noun genetic modification, GM |
| 유전자 가위yujeonja gawi | expression gene scissors, gene-editing tool (e.g. CRISPR) |
| 줄기세포julgisepo | noun stem cell |
| 세포분열sepobunyeol | noun cell division |
| 세포막sepomak | noun cell membrane |
| 세포핵sepohaek | noun cell nucleus |
| 효소hyoso | noun enzyme |
| 아미노산aminosan | noun amino acid |
| 광합성gwanghapseong | noun photosynthesis |
| 호흡작용hoheupjagyong | noun respiration (biological process) |
| 먹이사슬meogisaseul | noun food chain |
| 먹이그물meogigeumul | noun food web |
| 자연선택jayeonseontaek | noun natural selection |
| 적자생존jeokjasaengjon | noun survival of the fittest |
| 멸종위기종myeoljongwigijong | noun endangered species |
| 생물다양성saengmuldayangseong | noun biodiversity |
| 포자poja | noun spore |
| 기계학습gigyehakseup | noun machine learning |
| 신경망singyeongmang | noun neural network; nerve network |
| 사물인터넷samurinteonet | noun Internet of Things (IoT) |
| 블록체인beullokchein | noun blockchain |
| 복호화bokhohwa | noun decryption, decoding |
| 랜섬웨어raenseomweeo | noun ransomware |
| 정보보안jeongboboan | noun information security |
| 사이버보안saibeoboan | noun cybersecurity |
| 개인정보유출gaeinjeongboyuchul | noun personal data leak, data breach |
| 방화벽banghwabyeok | noun firewall |
| 생체인식saengcheinsik | noun biometrics, biometric recognition |
| 안면인식anmyeoninsik | noun facial recognition |
| 지문인식jimuninsik | noun fingerprint recognition |
| 수소차susocha | noun hydrogen car, hydrogen fuel-cell vehicle |
| 이차전지ichajeonji | noun secondary battery, rechargeable battery |
| 집적회로jipjeokhoero | noun integrated circuit (IC) |
| 마이크로칩maikeurochip | noun microchip |
| 프로세서peuroseseo | noun processor (CPU) |
| 연산yeonsan | noun computation, calculation; (math) operation |
| 연산장치yeonsanjangchi | noun arithmetic (logic) unit, processing unit |
| 저장장치jeojangjangchi | noun storage device |
| 소스코드soseukodeu | noun source code |
| 오픈소스opeunsoseu | noun open source (software) |
| 인터페이스inteopeiseu | noun interface |
| 사용자경험sayongjagyeongheom | noun user experience (UX) |
| 호환성hohwanseong | noun compatibility |
| 전산화jeonsanhwa | noun computerization, digitization (of records) |
| 로봇공학robotgonghak | noun robotics |
| 나노기술nanogisul | noun nanotechnology |
| 바이오baio | noun bio-, biotech (industry) |
| 탄소섬유tansoseomyu | noun carbon fiber |
| 원천기술woncheongisul | noun core original technology, source technology |
| 핵심기술haeksimgisul | noun key technology, core technology |
| 기술이전gisurijeon | noun technology transfer |
| 기술격차gisulgyeokcha | noun technology gap |
| 실용화siryonghwa | noun practical application, commercialization |
| 양산yangsan | noun mass production |
| 시제품sijepum | noun prototype, trial product |
| 시범사업sibeomsaeop | noun pilot project, trial program |
| 특허출원teukheochurwon | noun patent application, filing for a patent |
| 지식재산jisikjaesan | noun intellectual property |
| 탈산업화talsaneophwa | noun deindustrialization |
| 공업화gongeophwa | noun industrialization |
| 중공업junggongeop | noun heavy industry |
| 경공업gyeonggongeop | noun light industry |
| 첨단산업cheomdansaneop | noun high-tech industry, cutting-edge industry |
| 사양산업sayangsaneop | noun declining industry, sunset industry |
| 유망산업yumangsaneop | noun promising industry, growth industry |
| 기간산업gigansaneop | noun key industry, backbone industry |
| 조선업joseoneop | noun shipbuilding (industry) |
| 철강cheolgang | noun steel, iron and steel |
| 석유화학seogyuhwahak | noun petrochemicals, petrochemical industry |
| 정유jeongyu | noun oil refining; refined oil |
| 섬유산업seomyusaneop | noun textile industry |
| 방위산업bangwisaneop | noun defense industry |
| 항공우주hanggonguju | noun aerospace |
| 우주항공ujuhanggong | noun aerospace |
| 발사체balsache | noun launch vehicle, rocket; projectile |
| 우주정거장ujujeonggeojang | noun space station |
| 탐사선tamsaseon | noun (space) probe; exploration ship |
| 은하계eunhagye | noun galaxy; the Milky Way system |
| 성운seongun | noun nebula |
| 항성hangseong | noun star (that shines by itself), fixed star |
| 소행성sohaengseong | noun asteroid |
| 운석unseok | noun meteorite |
| 빅뱅bikbaeng | noun the Big Bang |
| 광년gwangnyeon | noun light-year |
| 가치사슬gachisaseul | noun value chain |
| 설비투자seolbituja | noun capital investment, investment in facilities |
| 가동률gadongnyul | noun operating rate, capacity utilization |
| 수율suyul | noun yield (rate of good products) |
| 불량률bullyangnyul | noun defect rate, failure rate |
| 품질관리pumjilgwalli | noun quality control (QC) |
| 사회기반시설sahoegibansiseol | noun infrastructure |
| 광통신gwangtongsin | noun optical (fiber) communication |
| 초고속chogosok | noun ultra-high-speed, super-fast |
| 대역폭daeyeokpok | noun bandwidth |
| 무선통신museontongsin | noun wireless communication |
| 단말기danmalgi | noun terminal (device), handset |
| 스마트기기seumateugigi | noun smart device |
| 웨어러블weeoreobeul | noun wearable (device) |
| 화소hwaso | noun pixel |
| 문학사munhaksa | noun history of literature, literary history |
| 문예munye | noun literature and the arts; literary arts |
| 문예사조munyesajo | noun literary movement, trend in literature and art |
| 낭만주의nangmanjuui | noun Romanticism |
| 사실주의sasiljuui | noun realism |
| 자연주의jayeonjuui | noun naturalism |
| 고전주의gojeonjuui | noun classicism |
| 모더니즘modeonijeum | noun modernism |
| 초현실주의chohyeonsiljuui | noun surrealism |
| 상징주의sangjingjuui | noun symbolism (art movement) |
| 표현주의pyohyeonjuui | noun expressionism |
| 인상주의insangjuui | noun impressionism |
| 아방가르드abanggareudeu | noun avant-garde |
| 전위예술jeonwiyesul | noun avant-garde art |
| 문단mundan | noun the literary world, literary circles |
| 등단deungdan | noun literary debut, debut as a writer |
| 신춘문예sinchunmunye | noun New Year's literary contest (run by newspapers) |
| 문필가munpilga | noun writer, man or woman of letters |
| 작가정신jakgajeongsin | noun a writer's spirit, artistic integrity |
| 필치pilchi | noun brushwork, writing style, touch |
| 필력pillyeok | noun writing skill, the power of one's pen |
| 문장력munjangnyeok | noun writing ability, skill with sentences |
| 서술자seosulja | noun narrator |
| 일인칭irinching | noun first person |
| 삼인칭saminching | noun third person |
| 전지적 작가 시점jeonjijeok jakga sijeom | expression omniscient (third-person) point of view |
| 관찰자gwanchalja | noun observer |
| 서사시seosasi | noun epic poem, epic |
| 서정seojeong | noun lyricism, lyrical feeling |
| 서정시seojeongsi | noun lyric poem, lyric poetry |
| 산문시sanmunsi | noun prose poem |
| 운율unyul | noun rhythm, meter (of poetry) |
| 압운abun | noun rhyme, rhyming |
| 음보eumbo | noun metrical foot, beat unit (in Korean verse) |
| 율격yulgyeok | noun meter, metrical pattern |
| 정형시jeonghyeongsi | noun fixed-form poem, formal verse |
| 자유시jayusi | noun free verse |
| 가사gasa | noun gasa (classical Korean verse form) |
| 향가hyangga | noun hyangga (Silla-era Korean songs) |
| 고려가요goryeogayo | noun Goryeo songs (folk songs of the Goryeo period) |
| 고전소설gojeonsoseol | noun classical novel (premodern Korean fiction) |
| 구비문학gubimunhak | noun oral literature |
| 설화seolhwa | noun folk narrative, tale (myths, legends, folktales) |
| 민담mindam | noun folktale |
| 우화uhwa | noun fable |
| 골계golgye | noun the comic, comic humor (as an aesthetic) |
| 아이러니aireoni | noun irony |
| 역설법yeokseolbeop | noun paradox (as a figure of speech) |
| 직유jigyu | noun simile |
| 의인법uiinbeop | noun personification |
| 과장법gwajangbeop | noun hyperbole, exaggeration |
| 대구법daegubeop | noun parallelism |
| 반복법banbokbeop | noun repetition (as a rhetorical device) |
| 점층법jeomcheungbeop | noun climax, gradation (rhetorical) |
| 도치법dochibeop | noun inversion (of word order) |
| 설의법seoruibeop | noun rhetorical question (as a device) |
| 영탄법yeongtanbeop | noun exclamation (as a rhetorical device) |
| 알레고리allegori | noun allegory |
| 심상simsang | noun image, imagery (in poetry) |
| 시어sieo | noun poetic diction, words of a poem |
| 시상sisang | noun poetic idea, poetic inspiration |
| 시적 화자sijeok hwaja | expression poetic speaker, the speaker of a poem |
| 어조eojo | noun tone (of voice or writing) |
| 주제의식jujeuisik | noun thematic awareness, a work's sense of purpose |
| 작품세계jakpumsegye | noun an artist's body of work, artistic world |
| 암시amsi | noun hint, suggestion, implication |
| 전개jeongae | noun development (of a plot), unfolding |
| 대단원daedanwon | noun denouement, grand finale |
| 갈등구조galdeunggujo | noun conflict structure |
| 내적 갈등naejeok galdeung | expression internal conflict |
| 외적 갈등oejeok galdeung | expression external conflict |
| 인물형inmulhyeong | noun character type |
| 입체적 인물ipchejeok inmul | expression round character, dynamic character |
| 평면적 인물pyeongmyeonjeok inmul | expression flat character, static character |
| 주동인물judonginmul | noun protagonist |
| 반동인물bandonginmul | noun antagonist |
| 액자소설aekjasoseol | noun frame story, frame narrative |
| 성장소설seongjangsoseol | noun coming-of-age novel |
| 교양소설gyoyangsoseol | noun Bildungsroman, novel of education |
| 역사소설yeoksasoseol | noun historical novel |
| 공상과학gongsanggwahak | noun science fiction, sci-fi |
| 기행문gihaengmun | noun travel writing, travelogue |
| 문학평론munhakpyeongnon | noun literary criticism |
| 서평seopyeong | noun book review |
| 해제haeje | noun introductory notes (on a text), bibliographical commentary |
| 주해juhae | noun annotation, commentary |
| 주석juseok | noun annotation, note, footnote |
| 번역본beonyeokbon | noun translation, translated edition |
| 판본panbon | noun edition, printed version (of a book) |
| 초판chopan | noun first edition |
| 절판jeolpan | noun out of print |
| 고서goseo | noun old book, antiquarian book |
| 필사본pilsabon | noun manuscript, handwritten copy |
| 목판본mokpanbon | noun woodblock-printed book, woodblock edition |
| 활자본hwaljabon | noun book printed with movable type, movable-type edition |
| 장서jangseo | noun book collection, library holdings |
| 대작daejak | noun major work, masterpiece; large-scale work |
| 역작yeokjak | noun work of great effort, labor of love, masterpiece |
| 수작sujak | noun excellent work, fine piece |
| 졸작joljak | noun poor work; my humble work |
| 습작seupjak | noun practice piece, study, étude |
| 유작yujak | noun posthumous work |
| 처녀작cheonyeojak | noun first work, maiden work, debut work |
| 데뷔작debwijak | noun debut work |
| 연작yeonjak | noun series of linked works, cycle (of stories, poems, paintings) |
| 중편jungpyeon | noun novella, medium-length work |
| 옴니버스omnibeoseu | noun omnibus, anthology (film or book of separate stories) |
| 상호텍스트성sanghotekseuteuseong | noun intertextuality |
| 해석학haeseokhak | noun hermeneutics |
| 수용미학suyongmihak | noun reception aesthetics, reception theory |
| 독자반응dokjabaneung | noun reader response |
| 명문myeongmun | noun well-written prose, fine piece of writing |
| 미문mimun | noun beautiful prose, elegant writing |
| 졸문jolmun | noun poor writing; my humble writing |
| 퇴고toego | noun revising, polishing (a draft) |
| 탈고talgo | noun finishing a manuscript, completing a draft |
| 윤문yunmun | noun polishing a text, stylistic editing |
| 교정gyojeong | noun proofreading, correcting proofs |
| 교열gyoyeol | noun copyediting, checking a text for errors and accuracy |
| 저술jeosul | noun writing (books), authorship |
| 역서yeokseo | noun translated book, translation |
| 편저pyeonjeo | noun compiled and written work, edited volume |
| 문집munjip | noun collected writings (of one author) |
| 선집seonjip | noun selected works, anthology |
| 전집jeonjip | noun complete works, complete collection |
| 총서chongseo | noun book series, publisher's series |
| 일대기ildaegi | noun life story, chronicle of someone's life |
| 평전pyeongjeon | noun critical biography |
| 전기jeongi | noun biography |
| 조형johyeong | noun forming, shaping; plastic arts |
| 조형미johyeongmi | noun beauty of form, formal beauty |
| 조형예술johyeongyesul | noun plastic arts, visual arts |
| 수묵화sumukhwa | noun ink-wash painting |
| 산수화sansuhwa | noun landscape painting (East Asian) |
| 풍속화pungsokhwa | noun genre painting, painting of everyday life |
| 민화minhwa | noun folk painting |
| 문인화muninhwa | noun literati painting, scholar's painting |
| 화조도hwajodo | noun bird-and-flower painting |
| 인물화inmulhwa | noun figure painting, portrait |
| 정물화jeongmulhwa | noun still life (painting) |
| 프레스코peureseuko | noun fresco |
| 소묘somyo | noun drawing, sketch (in line and shade) |
| 데생desaeng | noun drawing (in pencil or charcoal), dessin |
| 원근법wongeunbeop | noun perspective (in art) |
| 명암myeongam | noun light and shade, chiaroscuro; bright and dark sides |
| 채색chaesaek | noun coloring, painting in color |
| 색조saekjo | noun tone, hue, color tone |
| 질감jilgam | noun texture |
| 여백yeobaek | noun blank space, margin, empty space |
| 여백의 미yeobaegui mi | expression beauty of empty space, aesthetic of restraint |
| 화폭hwapok | noun canvas, picture surface |
| 화백hwabaek | noun master painter (respectful title) |
| 화단hwadan | noun art world, painting circles |
| 화랑hwarang | noun art gallery |
| 회고전hoegojeon | noun retrospective (exhibition) |
| 기획전gihoekjeon | noun special exhibition, curated exhibition |
| 비엔날레biennalle | noun biennale, biennial art exhibition |
| 진품jinpum | noun genuine article, authentic work |
| 모작mojak | noun copy, imitation (of an artwork) |
| 복제품bokjepum | noun replica, reproduction |
| 감정gamjeong | noun appraisal, authentication |
| 감정가gamjeongga | noun appraiser, connoisseur |
| 소조sojo | noun modeling (sculpture built up from clay) |
| 부조bujo | noun relief (sculpture) |
| 설치미술seolchimisul | noun installation art |
| 행위예술haengwiyesul | noun performance art |
| 도예doye | noun ceramic art, pottery |
| 청자cheongja | noun celadon, blue-green porcelain |
| 백자baekja | noun white porcelain |
| 분청사기buncheongsagi | noun buncheong ware, gray stoneware coated with white slip |
| 상감sanggam | noun inlay, inlaying technique |
| 옻칠otchil | noun lacquering, lacquer coating |
| 나전칠기najeonchilgi | noun mother-of-pearl lacquerware |
| 목공예mokgongye | noun woodcraft, woodworking |
| 서체seoche | noun typeface, font; calligraphic style |
| 필체pilche | noun handwriting, penmanship |
| 붓글씨butgeulssi | noun brush calligraphy, writing with a brush |
| 문방사우munbangsau | noun the four treasures of the study (brush, ink, paper, inkstone) |
| 건축미geonchungmi | noun architectural beauty |
| 고딕godik | noun Gothic (style) |
| 바로크barokeu | noun Baroque |
| 르네상스reunesangseu | noun the Renaissance; a revival |
| 고전미gojeonmi | noun classical beauty, timeless elegance |
| 균형미gyunhyeongmi | noun beauty of balance, harmonious proportion |
| 곡선미gokseonmi | noun beauty of curves; curvy figure |
| 절제미jeoljemi | noun beauty of restraint, understated elegance |
| 소박미sobangmi | noun beauty of simplicity, rustic charm |
| 심미안simmian | noun eye for beauty, aesthetic sense |
| 미의식miuisik | noun aesthetic sense, aesthetic consciousness |
| 예술혼yesulhon | noun artistic spirit, an artist's soul |
| 창작열changjangnyeol | noun creative passion, zeal for creating |
| 화성hwaseong | noun harmony (music), chord progression |
| 가락garak | noun melody, tune; rhythm, beat |
| 장단jangdan | noun rhythmic cycle (in Korean traditional music), beat; length (long and short) |
| 음계eumgye | noun musical scale |
| 음정eumjeong | noun interval; pitch accuracy, being in tune |
| 음색eumsaek | noun tone, timbre, tone color |
| 음역eumyeok | noun (vocal or instrumental) range |
| 불협화음bulhyeophwaeum | noun dissonance, discord; friction, conflict |
| 협화음hyeophwaeum | noun consonance, consonant chord |
| 조성joseong | noun tonality, key |
| 장조jangjo | noun major key |
| 단조danjo | noun minor key |
| 변주byeonju | noun variation (in music); reworking |
| 변주곡byeonjugok | noun (theme and) variations, variation piece |
| 소나타sonata | noun sonata |
| 독주회dokjuhoe | noun solo recital |
| 합주hapju | noun ensemble playing, playing together |
| 중주jungju | noun ensemble with one player per part (duet, trio, quartet...) |
| 협연hyeobyeon | noun performing with (as a soloist with an orchestra), joint performance |
| 관현악gwanhyeonak | noun orchestral music |
| 관현악단gwanhyeonakdan | noun orchestra |
| 교향악단gyohyangakdan | noun symphony orchestra |
| 실내악sillaeak | noun chamber music |
| 기악giak | noun instrumental music |
| 정악jeongak | noun jeongak, Korean court and aristocratic classical music |
| 산조sanjo | noun sanjo, solo instrumental folk music with drum accompaniment |
| 거문고geomungo | noun geomungo, six-string Korean zither |
| 해금haegeum | noun haegeum, two-string Korean fiddle |
| 대금daegeum | noun daegeum, large transverse bamboo flute |
| 풍물pungmul | noun pungmul, Korean folk percussion music and dance; scenery and customs of a place |
| 농악nongak | noun nongak, farmers' music |
| 마당놀이madangnori | noun madangnori, open-air folk theater performed in the round |
| 창극changgeuk | noun changgeuk, Korean traditional opera based on pansori |
| 창chang | noun singing (in pansori and traditional vocal music) |
| 소리꾼sorikkun | noun pansori singer, traditional folk singer |
| 고수gosu | noun drummer (accompanying pansori) |
| 추임새chuimsae | noun chuimsae, shouts of encouragement during a performance (like 얼씨구, 좋다) |
| 명창myeongchang | noun master singer (of pansori), great vocalist |
| 명인myeongin | noun master, virtuoso, master craftsman |
| 안무가anmuga | noun choreographer |
| 현대무용hyeondaemuyong | noun modern dance, contemporary dance |
| 고전무용gojeonmuyong | noun classical dance (often Korean traditional dance) |
| 무대예술mudaeyesul | noun stage arts, performing arts; stagecraft |
| 연출가yeonchulga | noun (stage) director, producer |
| 희곡huigok | noun play (script), drama (as literature) |
| 극작가geukjakga | noun playwright, dramatist |
| 희비극huibigeuk | noun tragicomedy |
| 부조리극bujorigeuk | noun theater of the absurd, absurdist play |
| 독백dokbaek | noun monologue, soliloquy |
| 방백bangbaek | noun aside (words spoken to the audience) |
| 막mak | noun act (of a play); curtain |
| 장jang | noun scene (of a play) |
| 커튼콜keoteunkol | noun curtain call |
| 초연choyeon | noun premiere, first performance |
| 재연jaeyeon | noun revival, restaging (of a performance); reenactment |
| 공연예술gongyeonyesul | noun performing arts |
| 고조선gojoseon | noun Gojoseon, Old Joseon (Korea's first kingdom) |
| 삼국시대samguksidae | noun Three Kingdoms period (Goguryeo, Baekje, Silla) |
| 통일신라tongilsilla | noun Unified Silla (668–935) |
| 삼국사기samguksagi | noun Samguk Sagi, History of the Three Kingdoms (1145) |
| 삼국유사samgugyusa | noun Samguk Yusa, Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms |
| 조선왕조실록joseonwangjosillok | noun Annals of the Joseon Dynasty |
| 집현전jiphyeonjeon | noun Jiphyeonjeon, Hall of Worthies (royal research institute) |
| 과거제gwageoje | noun civil service examination system (gwageo) |
| 급제geupje | noun passing the state exam |
| 낙방nakbang | noun failing an exam (esp. the state exam) |
| 장원jangwon | noun first place in the state exam; top scorer |
| 중인jungin | noun jungin, the middle class (technical specialists in Joseon) |
| 상민sangmin | noun commoners (in Joseon) |
| 천민cheonmin | noun the lowborn, the lowest social class |
| 사대부sadaebu | noun scholar-officials, literati (Confucian ruling class) |
| 문신munsin | noun civil official |
| 무신musin | noun military official |
| 벼슬byeoseul | noun government post, official rank |
| 관직gwanjik | noun government office, official post |
| 관아gwana | noun government office building (in Joseon times) |
| 수령suryeong | noun county magistrate |
| 암행어사amhaengeosa | noun secret royal inspector |
| 신권singwon | noun power of the ministers (vs. royal power) |
| 왕위wangwi | noun the throne, kingship |
| 폐위pyewi | noun dethronement, deposition |
| 섭정seopjeong | noun regency; regent |
| 세자seja | noun crown prince |
| 왕비wangbi | noun queen (the king's wife), queen consort |
| 후궁hugung | noun royal concubine |
| 궁녀gungnyeo | noun court lady, palace maid |
| 내시naesi | noun eunuch (palace attendant) |
| 사화sahwa | noun literati purge (in Joseon) |
| 당쟁dangjaeng | noun factional strife |
| 붕당bungdang | noun political faction (in Joseon) |
| 탕평책tangpyeongchaek | noun Tangpyeong policy (impartiality among factions) |
| 쇄국swaeguk | noun national isolation, closing the country |
| 쇄국정책swaegukjeongchaek | noun isolationist policy |
| 개항gaehang | noun opening of ports (to foreign trade); opening of a port or airport |
| 개화gaehwa | noun enlightenment, modernization |
| 개화기gaehwagi | noun Enlightenment period (late 19th to early 20th century) |
| 갑오개혁gabogaehyeok | noun Gabo Reform (1894) |
| 동학donghak | noun Donghak, Eastern Learning (a Korean religion) |
| 동학농민운동donghangnongminundong | noun Donghak Peasant Revolution (1894) |
| 의병장uibyeongjang | noun leader of a righteous army (volunteer militia) |
| 을사조약eulsajoyak | noun Eulsa Treaty (1905 protectorate treaty) |
| 국권gukgwon | noun national sovereignty |
| 국권피탈gukgwonpital | noun loss of national sovereignty; Japan's annexation of Korea (1910) |
| 식민통치singmintongchi | noun colonial rule |
| 수탈sutal | noun exploitation, plundering (by those in power) |
| 강제징용gangjejingyong | noun forced labor mobilization (under Japanese rule) |
| 창씨개명changssigaemyeong | noun forced adoption of Japanese-style names (colonial era) |
| 삼일운동samirundong | noun March 1st Movement (1919) |
| 임시정부imsijeongbu | noun provisional government (esp. the one in Shanghai, 1919) |
| 독립투사dongniptusa | noun independence fighter |
| 열사yeolsa | noun patriotic martyr (who resisted without weapons) |
| 의사uisa | noun righteous patriot, martyr (who resisted with arms) |
| 순국sunguk | noun dying for one's country, martyrdom |
| 순국선열sungukseonyeol | noun patriotic martyrs (who died for Korea's independence) |
| 애국지사aegukjisa | noun patriot, independence activist |
| 친일파chinilpa | noun pro-Japanese collaborators |
| 매국노maegungno | noun traitor (who sold out the country) |
| 육이오yugio | noun the Korean War (began June 25, 1950) |
| 피란민piranmin | noun war refugee |
| 산업화 시대saneophwa sidae | expression the industrialization era, the age of industrialization |
| 사일구혁명sailguhyeongmyeong | noun April 19 Revolution (1960) |
| 민주화운동minjuhwaundong | noun democratization movement, pro-democracy movement |
| 사적sajeok | noun historic site |
| 무형문화재muhyeongmunhwajae | noun intangible cultural heritage, intangible cultural property |
| 유형문화재yuhyeongmunhwajae | noun tangible cultural property |
| 인간문화재inganmunhwajae | noun living national treasure (master of an intangible heritage) |
| 고분gobun | noun ancient tomb, burial mound |
| 고분벽화gobunbyeokhwa | noun tomb mural |
| 석탑seoktap | noun stone pagoda |
| 석굴seokgul | noun stone cave, grotto |
| 사리sari | noun Buddhist relic, sarira |
| 금동geumdong | noun gilt bronze |
| 빗살무늬토기bitsalmunuitogi | noun comb-pattern pottery (Neolithic Korean pottery) |
| 청동기cheongdonggi | noun bronze ware, bronze tools; the Bronze Age |
| 철기cheolgi | noun iron tools, ironware; the Iron Age |
| 구석기guseokgi | noun Paleolithic stone tools; the Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) |
| 신석기sinseokgi | noun Neolithic stone tools; the Neolithic (New Stone Age) |
| 선사시대seonsasidae | noun prehistoric times, prehistory |
| 역사시대yeoksasidae | noun the historical period (era with written records) |
| 고대사godaesa | noun ancient history |
| 근세geunse | noun early modern times, the early modern period |
| 현대사hyeondaesa | noun contemporary history, modern history |
| 사관sagwan | noun view of history, historical perspective |
| 사학sahak | noun history (as an academic field), historical studies |
| 사학자sahakja | noun historian |
| 역사관yeoksagwan | noun view of history, historical outlook |
| 식민사관singminsagwan | noun colonial view of history (Japanese colonial historiography of Korea) |
| 고증gojeung | noun historical research, verification by evidence; period accuracy |
| 연대기yeondaegi | noun chronicle |
| 연호yeonho | noun era name, reign title |
| 문중munjung | noun clan, family lineage (descendants of one ancestor) |
| 종가jongga | noun head family (main line of a clan), head house |
| 종손jongson | noun eldest grandson of the main line, heir of the head family |
| 본관bongwan | noun clan seat, ancestral home of a family name |
| 가풍gapung | noun family tradition, family ways |
| 가훈gahun | noun family motto, family precept |
| 제사상jesasang | noun ancestral rite table (table of offerings) |
| 제기jegi | noun ritual vessels, ancestral rite dishes |
| 벌초beolcho | noun tidying ancestral graves (cutting the grass), grave weeding |
| 상례sangnye | noun funeral rites, mourning rituals |
| 상주sangju | noun chief mourner |
| 상복sangbok | noun mourning clothes |
| 문상munsang | noun condolence call, paying respects to the bereaved |
| 조의금joeuigeum | noun condolence money (given at a funeral) |
| 부의금buuigeum | noun condolence money, funeral gift money |
| 발인barin | noun departure of the funeral procession, carrying out the coffin |
| 삼우제samuje | noun third-day memorial rite after burial |
| 탈상talsang | noun end of the mourning period |
| 전통혼례jeontonghollye | noun traditional wedding ceremony |
| 폐백pyebaek | noun pyebaek (bride's formal greeting to the groom's family after the wedding) |
| 함ham | noun wedding gift box (sent by the groom's family to the bride's) |
| 관혼상제gwanhonsangje | noun the four rites of passage (coming of age, marriage, funeral, ancestral rites) |
| 세시풍속sesipungsok | noun seasonal customs, annual folk customs |
| 절기jeolgi | noun seasonal division (one of the 24 solar terms) |
| 입춘ipchun | noun Ipchun, the start of spring (solar term, around Feb 4) |
| 하지haji | noun summer solstice |
| 춘분chunbun | noun spring equinox |
| 추분chubun | noun autumn equinox |
| 정월대보름jeongwoldaeboreum | noun Jeongwol Daeboreum, the first full moon of the lunar year |
| 부럼bureom | noun nuts cracked on Jeongwol Daeboreum (walnuts, peanuts, chestnuts, etc.) |
| 쥐불놀이jwibullori | noun jwibul-nori (swinging fire cans and burning field edges on Daeboreum) |
| 그네뛰기geunettwigi | noun swinging (traditional swing contest, especially on Dano) |
| 두루마기durumagi | noun durumagi (traditional Korean overcoat) |
| 갓gat | noun gat (traditional wide-brimmed black hat) |
| 상투sangtu | noun topknot (traditional hairstyle of married men) |
| 비녀binyeo | noun binyeo (traditional ornamental hairpin) |
| 버선beoseon | noun beoseon (traditional Korean socks) |
| 초가choga | noun thatched-roof house |
| 구들gudeul | noun gudeul, ondol (underfloor heating system); heated floor |
| 대청마루daecheongmaru | noun main wooden-floored hall (central room of a hanok) |
| 사랑방sarangbang | noun sarangbang (the master's study and guest room in a hanok); gathering place |
| 안채anchae | noun inner quarters (women's and family living building of a hanok) |
| 장독대jangdokdae | noun platform for sauce jars (where crocks of soy sauce, gochujang, etc. are kept) |
| 각골난망gakgollanmang | noun unforgettable gratitude, a kindness one will never forget |
| 견원지간gyeonwonjigan | noun bitter enemies, a cat-and-dog relationship |
| 결초보은gyeolchoboeun | noun repaying a kindness even after death, eternal gratitude |
| 경거망동gyeonggeomangdong | noun rash behavior, acting thoughtlessly |
| 곡학아세gokhagase | noun twisting scholarship to flatter the powerful |
| 교각살우gyogaksaru | noun a cure worse than the disease, ruining the whole by fixing a small flaw |
| 구우일모guuilmo | noun a drop in the bucket, a tiny fraction |
| 기사회생gisahoesaeng | noun a narrow escape from death, a miraculous comeback |
| 낙장불입nakjangburip | noun no take-backs, what's done can't be undone |
| 난공불락nangongbullak | noun impregnable, unconquerable |
| 남부여대nambuyeodae | noun wandering as refugees with all one's belongings |
| 내우외환naeuoehwan | noun troubles at home and abroad, internal and external crises |
| 노발대발nobaldaebal | noun flying into a rage, being furious |
| 누란지위nuranjiwi | noun an extremely precarious situation, imminent danger |
| 동상이몽dongsangimong | noun same bed, different dreams; sharing a situation but having different goals |
| 두문불출dumunbulchul | noun shutting oneself in, staying at home and not going out |
| 등하불명deunghabulmyeong | noun it's darkest under the lamp; missing what's right under one's nose |
| 망연자실mangyeonjasil | noun being stunned and at a loss, dazed with shock |
| 면종복배myeonjongbokbae | noun outward obedience with inner defiance, two-faced compliance |
| 명불허전myeongbulheojeon | noun living up to one's reputation, fame that is well deserved |
| 명실상부myeongsilsangbu | noun being true to the name, living up to one's title in reality |
| 문전성시munjeonseongsi | noun a crowd of visitors, being swamped with customers |
| 미사여구misayeogu | noun flowery words, fancy rhetoric |
| 발본색원balbonsaegwon | noun rooting out completely, eradicating at the source |
| 백골난망baekgollanmang | noun eternal gratitude, a kindness never forgotten even after death |
| 백년해로baengnyeonhaero | noun a couple growing old happily together |
| 백중지세baekjungjise | noun an even match, neck and neck |
| 부화뇌동buhwanoedong | noun blindly following others, going along with the crowd |
| 분골쇄신bungolswaesin | noun doing one's utmost, working oneself to the bone |
| 살신성인salsinseongin | noun sacrificing oneself for others or a just cause |
| 삼고초려samgochoryeo | noun earnestly seeking someone out again and again, persistently courting talent |
| 상전벽해sangjeonbyeokhae | noun a complete transformation, drastic change over time |
| 수어지교sueojigyo | noun an inseparable relationship, as close as fish and water |
| 순망치한sunmangchihan | noun interdependence; when one falls, the other suffers |
| 시기상조sigisangjo | noun being premature, too early |
| 아비규환abigyuhwan | noun pandemonium, a hellish scene of chaos and screaming |
| 언어도단eoneododan | noun outrageous, beyond words, absurd |
| 여리박빙yeoribakbing | noun walking on thin ice, acting with extreme caution |
| 연목구어yeonmokgueo | noun a futile attempt, looking for something in the wrong place |
| 오비이락obirak | noun a suspicious coincidence, unlucky timing that invites blame |
| 와신상담wasinsangdam | noun enduring hardship to get revenge or reach a goal |
| 우공이산ugongisan | noun perseverance that moves mountains |
| 은인자중euninjajung | noun patiently holding back, enduring quietly with self-restraint |
| 인지상정injisangjeong | noun human nature, what anyone would naturally feel |
| 일언반구ireonbangu | noun a single word (usually 'not even a word') |
| 전광석화jeongwangseokhwa | noun lightning speed, a flash |
| 전무후무jeonmuhumu | noun unprecedented and never to be repeated, one of a kind |
| 절치부심jeolchibusim | noun gnashing one's teeth with resolve, burning determination after a defeat |
| 점입가경jeomipgagyeong | noun getting better and better; (ironically) going from bad to worse |
| 조변석개jobyeonseokgae | noun constantly changing, inconsistent (plans or policies) |
| 좌정관천jwajeonggwancheon | noun a narrow view of the world, like a frog in a well |
| 주마간산jumagansan | noun skimming superficially, looking at things in a rush |
| 지록위마jirogwima | noun twisting the truth through power, deliberately calling black white |
| 천양지차cheonyangjicha | noun a world of difference, night and day |
| 천우신조cheonusinjo | noun divine help, a stroke of providence |
| 태연자약taeyeonjayak | noun perfect composure, staying calm and unruffled |
| 토사구팽tosagupaeng | noun being discarded once one's usefulness is over |
| 풍전등화pungjeondeunghwa | noun a precarious situation, hanging by a thread |
| 필유곡절piryugokjeol | noun there must be a reason behind it |
| 형설지공hyeongseoljigong | noun success through diligent study despite hardship |
| 호가호위hogahowi | noun borrowing someone else's power to throw one's weight around |
| 호연지기hoyeonjigi | noun a vast, free spirit; broad-minded vigor |
| 혼비백산honbibaeksan | noun being scared out of one's wits |
| 회자정리hoejajeongni | noun those who meet must part |
| 후안무치huanmuchi | noun shamelessness, being brazen-faced |
| 흥진비래heungjinbirae | noun joy ends and sorrow follows; life's ups and downs |
| 감지덕지gamjideokji | noun deep gratitude, being thankful for whatever one gets |
| 견리사의gyeollisaui | noun thinking of what is right when seeing profit |
| 고립무원gorimmuwon | noun being isolated and helpless, alone with no support |
| 공평무사gongpyeongmusa | noun fairness and impartiality, with no personal bias |
| 괄목상대gwalmoksangdae | noun remarkable progress; seeing someone in a new light |
| 교언영색gyoeonyeongsaek | noun flattering words and an ingratiating face, sweet talk |
| 근묵자흑geunmukjaheuk | noun you become like the company you keep |
| 금의환향geumuihwanhyang | noun returning home in glory |
| 기상천외gisangcheonoe | noun outlandishness, being wildly unexpected |
| 다사다난dasadanan | noun being eventful and full of difficulties |
| 단도직입dandojigip | noun getting straight to the point |
| 당랑거철dangnanggeocheol | noun a hopeless fight against a far stronger opponent |
| 득의양양deuguiyangyang | noun elation and triumph, being puffed up with pride |
| 만시지탄mansijitan | noun regret that it is too late, a belated lament |
| 목불인견mokburingyeon | noun a sight too awful to look at, an unbearable scene |
| 무위도식muwidosik | noun living idly, eating without working |
| 배수진baesujin | noun a last stand, fighting with no way to retreat |
| 부지기수bujigisu | noun countlessness, being innumerable |
| 수주대토sujudaeto | noun foolishly waiting for luck to repeat, clinging to old ways |
| 심기일전simgiiljeon | noun a fresh start, turning over a new leaf |
| 안분지족anbunjijok | noun contentment with one's lot |
| 언행일치eonhaengilchi | noun practicing what one preaches, words matching actions |
| 유구무언yugumueon | noun having nothing to say for oneself |
| 이전투구ijeontugu | noun a mudslinging fight, a dirty and ugly struggle |
| 자승자박jaseungjabak | noun being caught in one's own trap |
| 전전반측jeonjeonbancheuk | noun tossing and turning, being unable to sleep |
| 조령모개joryeongmogae | noun orders that change constantly, inconsistent policy |
| 죽림칠현jungnimchilhyeon | noun the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove |
| 천인공노cheoningongno | noun an outrage that angers heaven and people alike |
| 철두철미cheolducheolmi | noun thoroughness, being thorough from start to finish |
| 파란만장paranmanjang | noun full of ups and downs, eventful (life or history) |
| 허장성세heojangseongse | noun bluster, empty bravado, putting on a show of strength |
| 개진하다gaejinhada | verb to state, to express (an opinion formally) |
| 견지하다gyeonjihada | verb to maintain, to hold firmly (a position or view) |
| 경주하다gyeongjuhada | verb to devote, to pour (effort or energy into) |
| 고수하다gosuhada | verb to stick to, to adhere firmly to |
| 고취하다gochwihada | verb to inspire, to instill, to boost (spirit or awareness) |
| 관철하다gwancheolhada | verb to carry through, to push through (a demand or will) to the end |
| 괄시하다gwalsihada | verb to look down on, to treat with contempt, to slight |
| 구가하다gugahada | verb to enjoy (to the fullest), to bask in (prosperity, success) |
| 궁구하다gunguhada | verb to study thoroughly, to investigate deeply |
| 귀결되다gwigyeoldoeda | verb to come to (a conclusion), to end up in, to result in |
| 노정하다nojeonghada | verb to reveal, to expose (a weakness or problem) |
| 농락하다nongnakada | verb to toy with, to manipulate, to make a fool of |
| 단행하다danhaenghada | verb to carry out (decisively), to push ahead with |
| 미연에 방지하다miyeone bangjihada | expression to prevent beforehand, to nip in the bud |
| 박탈하다baktalhada | verb to deprive of, to strip of (rights, a title) |
| 범람하다beomnamhada | verb to overflow, to flood; to be flooded with (a glut of something) |
| 병행하다byeonghaenghada | verb to do side by side, to combine, to do in parallel |
| 부각되다bugakdoeda | verb to be highlighted, to come to the fore, to stand out |
| 분출하다bunchulhada | verb to erupt, to spew, to gush out; to burst out (emotions, demands) |
| 불식하다bulsikada | verb to dispel, to wipe out (doubts, concerns) |
| 비호하다bihohada | verb to shield, to protect (often wrongly), to cover for |
| 빙자하다bingjahada | verb to use as a pretext, to do under the pretense of |
| 사주하다sajuhada | verb to instigate, to put someone up to (a wrongdoing) |
| 상쇄하다sangswaehada | verb to offset, to cancel out |
| 섭렵하다seomnyeopada | verb to read extensively, to range widely over (books, fields) |
| 소급하다sogeupada | verb to go back (to), to apply retroactively |
| 소명하다somyeonghada | verb to explain, to justify, to vindicate (oneself officially) |
| 속단하다sokdanhada | verb to jump to conclusions, to judge hastily |
| 쇄도하다swaedohada | verb to pour in, to flood in, to rush |
| 수호하다suhohada | verb to guard, to defend, to protect |
| 숙고하다sukgohada | verb to deliberate, to consider carefully |
| 실추되다silchudoeda | verb to be damaged, to fall (of reputation, authority) |
| 악용하다agyonghada | verb to abuse, to misuse, to exploit (for bad ends) |
| 안주하다anjuhada | verb to settle down; to be complacent, to rest on one's laurels |
| 양산하다yangsanhada | verb to mass-produce; to produce in large numbers (often of bad things) |
| 어필하다eopilhada | verb to appeal (to), to attract; to make one's case |
| 억측하다eokcheukada | verb to speculate (groundlessly), to make wild guesses |
| 엄수하다eomsuhada | verb to strictly observe, to keep strictly (time, rules) |
| 영위하다yeongwihada | verb to lead (a life), to run, to carry on (a business or activity) |
| 운운하다ununhada | verb to talk about, to mention (dismissively), to say this and that |
| 위배되다wibaedoeda | verb to violate, to go against (rules, principles) |
| 유념하다yunyeomhada | verb to bear in mind, to keep in mind |
| 유추하다yuchuhada | verb to infer by analogy, to deduce |
| 응징하다eungjinghada | verb to punish, to chastise, to retaliate against |
| 일갈하다ilgalhada | verb to shout (a rebuke), to roar out, to rebuke sharply |
| 일관하다ilgwanhada | verb to be consistent, to stick to one approach throughout |
| 일임하다irimhada | verb to entrust entirely, to leave (something) completely to someone |
| 자임하다jaimhada | verb to take on oneself (a role), to consider oneself as |
| 자처하다jacheohada | verb to call oneself, to pose as; to bring on oneself |
| 잠식하다jamsikada | verb to encroach on, to eat into, to erode gradually |
| 재고하다jaegohada | verb to reconsider, to think again |
| 저해하다jeohaehada | verb to hinder, to impede, to hamper |
| 전가하다jeongahada | verb to shift (blame or burden) onto someone, to pass the buck |
| 점철되다jeomcheoldoeda | verb to be dotted with, to be marked by (a series of events) |
| 제고하다jegohada | verb to raise, to enhance, to improve (efficiency, awareness) |
| 조성하다joseonghada | verb to create, to build (an atmosphere, environment, fund); to develop (a park, site) |
| 종용하다jongyonghada | verb to urge, to press (someone to do something) |
| 준거하다jungeohada | verb to be based on, to conform to (a standard) |
| 지양하다jiyanghada | verb to avoid, to refrain from, to move away from |
| 진작하다jinjakada | verb to boost, to stimulate, to raise (morale, an economy) |
| 질타하다jiltahada | verb to rebuke, to castigate, to scold sharply |
| 창출하다changchulhada | verb to create, to generate (jobs, value, profits) |
| 천착하다cheonchakada | verb to delve into, to dig deeply into (a subject) |
| 촉발하다chokbalhada | verb to trigger, to spark, to set off |
| 추앙하다chuanghada | verb to revere, to look up to, to venerate |
| 치중하다chijunghada | verb to put emphasis on, to focus (too much) on |
| 타파하다tapahada | verb to break down, to abolish, to do away with (customs, prejudice) |
| 태동하다taedonghada | verb to emerge, to begin to stir, to be born (of a movement or era) |
| 통감하다tonggamhada | verb to feel keenly, to be painfully aware of |
| 투영하다tuyeonghada | verb to project, to reflect (one's feelings or ideas onto something) |
| 파급되다pageupdoeda | verb to spread, to ripple out, to have a knock-on effect |
| 편승하다pyeonseunghada | verb to ride on, to jump on the bandwagon, to take advantage of (a trend) |
| 폄하하다pyeomhahada | verb to belittle, to disparage, to play down |
| 폐기하다pyegihada | verb to discard, to dispose of; to abolish, to scrap (a law, plan) |
| 함양하다hamyanghada | verb to cultivate, to foster (character, ability) |
| 해이하다haeihada | adjective lax, slack, loose (discipline, attitude) |
| 호도하다hodohada | verb to gloss over, to misrepresent, to mislead |
| 혹평하다hokpyeonghada | verb to criticize harshly, to pan |
| 혼재하다honjaehada | verb to coexist in a mix, to be mixed together |
| 회고하다hoegohada | verb to look back on, to recall, to reminisce |
| 회귀하다hoegwihada | verb to return (to an origin), to revert |
| 훼손하다hwesonhada | verb to damage, to deface; to defame (reputation) |
| 희석하다huiseokada | verb to dilute; to water down |
| 갈음하다gareumhada | verb to replace (with), to substitute, to let stand in place of |
| 격하하다gyeokahada | verb to downgrade, to demote, to lower in status |
| 결부하다gyeolbuhada | verb to link, to connect, to tie (to) |
| 고착되다gochakdoeda | verb to become fixed, to become entrenched |
| 공언하다gongeonhada | verb to declare publicly, to profess |
| 구애되다guaedoeda | verb to be bound by, to be constrained by |
| 굴복하다gulbokada | verb to yield, to submit, to give in |
| 근절하다geunjeolhada | verb to eradicate, to root out |
| 기만하다gimanhada | verb to deceive, to delude |
| 누설하다nuseolhada | verb to leak, to divulge (a secret) |
| 단언하다daneonhada | verb to assert, to state flatly, to declare with certainty |
| 단절되다danjeoldoeda | verb to be cut off, to be severed, to be disconnected |
| 도래하다doraehada | verb to arrive, to come (an era, a time) |
| 무마하다mumahada | verb to hush up, to smooth over, to appease |
| 반추하다banchuhada | verb to ruminate, to reflect on; to chew the cud |
| 배척하다baecheokada | verb to reject, to exclude, to ostracize |
| 분개하다bungaehada | verb to be indignant, to resent, to be outraged |
| 비하하다bihahada | verb to belittle, to disparage, to demean |
| 상정하다sangjeonghada | verb to submit (a bill) to the agenda, to table |
| 상회하다sanghoehada | verb to exceed, to be above (a figure) |
| 하회하다hahoehada | verb to fall below, to be lower than (a figure) |
| 선별하다seonbyeolhada | verb to select, to screen, to sort out |
| 설파하다seolpahada | verb to expound, to preach, to argue persuasively |
| 성행하다seonghaenghada | verb to be prevalent, to be rampant, to flourish |
| 소진하다sojinhada | verb to exhaust, to use up |
| 수긍하다sugeunghada | verb to agree, to accept, to nod in assent |
| 수렴되다suryeomdoeda | verb to be gathered, to be incorporated (opinions); to converge |
| 순응하다suneunghada | verb to adapt, to conform, to comply |
| 시정하다sijeonghada | verb to correct, to rectify, to redress |
| 양성하다yangseonghada | verb to train, to cultivate, to foster (people) |
| 역행하다yeokaenghada | verb to go against, to run counter to |
| 열거하다yeolgeohada | verb to list, to enumerate |
| 엄습하다eomseupada | verb to come over, to seize (fear, cold); to attack suddenly |
| 오인하다oinhada | verb to mistake (A for B), to misidentify |
| 용납하다yongnapada | verb to tolerate, to allow, to accept |
| 우대하다udaehada | verb to give preferential treatment, to favor |
| 유린하다yurinhada | verb to trample on, to violate (rights) |
| 유입되다yuipdoeda | verb to flow in, to be brought in |
| 은닉하다eunnikada | verb to conceal, to hide (assets, a criminal) |
| 인지하다injihada | verb to recognize, to be aware of, to perceive |
| 일조하다iljohada | verb to contribute, to help (toward) |
| 자각하다jagakada | verb to become aware of, to realize (about oneself) |
| 장악하다jangakada | verb to seize control of, to take over, to dominate |
| 저하되다jeohadoeda | verb to decline, to deteriorate, to drop |
| 점유하다jeomyuhada | verb to occupy, to hold, to possess |
| 제약하다jeyakada | verb to restrict, to limit, to constrain |
| 조망하다jomanghada | verb to view (a landscape) from above; to survey (a field) |
| 주창하다juchanghada | verb to advocate, to champion |
| 지탄하다jitanhada | verb to denounce, to condemn |
| 진단하다jindanhada | verb to diagnose; to assess (a situation) |
| 집약하다jibyakada | verb to condense, to summarize, to concentrate |
| 참작하다chamjakada | verb to take into account, to consider |
| 척결하다cheokgyeolhada | verb to root out, to eradicate (corruption, evils) |
| 청산하다cheongsanhada | verb to settle, to pay off (debts); to break with (the past) |
| 체득하다chedeukada | verb to learn through experience, to master by doing |
| 추산하다chusanhada | verb to estimate, to calculate roughly |
| 추정하다chujeonghada | verb to presume, to estimate, to infer |
| 타진하다tajinhada | verb to sound out, to feel out; to percuss (medical) |
| 통용되다tongyongdoeda | verb to be in common use, to be accepted, to circulate |
| 퇴출되다toechuldoeda | verb to be forced out, to be expelled, to be removed |
| 파기하다pagihada | verb to break (a contract); to destroy (documents); to overturn (a ruling) |
| 판가름하다pangareumhada | verb to decide, to determine (an outcome), to settle |
| 포착하다pochakada | verb to capture, to catch (a moment, signs), to detect |
| 표명하다pyomyeonghada | verb to express, to declare (a position) |
| 피폐하다pipyehada | adjective exhausted, worn out; impoverished, devastated |
| 현혹하다hyeonhokada | verb to dazzle, to bewilder, to lure (deceptively) |
| 협박하다hyeopbakada | verb to threaten, to intimidate, to blackmail |
| 형상화하다hyeongsanghwahada | verb to embody, to give concrete form to, to depict |
| 확산되다hwaksandoeda | verb to spread, to be diffused |
| 각별하다gakbyeolhada | adjective special, particular, exceptional |
| 간곡하다gangokada | adjective earnest, sincere, heartfelt (of a request) |
| 간결하다gangyeolhada | adjective concise, brief, succinct |
| 간명하다ganmyeonghada | adjective simple and clear, concise |
| 강건하다ganggeonhada | adjective robust, strong and healthy, sturdy |
| 강직하다gangjikada | adjective upright, uncompromising, of firm integrity |
| 걸출하다geolchulhada | adjective outstanding, preeminent, prominent |
| 고결하다gogyeolhada | adjective noble, pure, lofty (of character) |
| 고루하다goruhada | adjective narrow-minded, old-fashioned, stuffy |
| 고매하다gomaehada | adjective lofty, noble, exalted (of character or ideals) |
| 고상하다gosanghada | adjective elegant, refined, classy, highbrow |
| 고즈넉하다gojeuneokada | adjective quiet and peaceful, tranquil, serene |
| 극명하다geungmyeonghada | adjective very clear, stark, vivid |
| 근엄하다geuneomhada | adjective solemn, stern, grave |
| 기민하다giminhada | adjective quick, agile, alert, nimble |
| 난해하다nanhaehada | adjective difficult to understand, abstruse |
| 녹록하다nongnokada | adjective easy, pushover (usually negated: not easy, tough) |
| 늠름하다neumneumhada | adjective dignified, gallant, imposing |
| 다분하다dabunhada | adjective considerable, quite a lot (esp. of likelihood) |
| 도도하다dodohada | adjective haughty, proud, stuck-up |
| 돈독하다dondokada | adjective close, strong, deep (of friendship or ties) |
| 막강하다makganghada | adjective mighty, formidable, extremely powerful |
| 명료하다myeongnyohada | adjective clear, lucid, distinct |
| 명철하다myeongcheolhada | adjective wise, sagacious, clear-sighted |
| 무구하다muguhada | adjective pure, innocent, spotless |
| 무궁하다mugunghada | adjective endless, infinite, boundless |
| 무도하다mudohada | adjective unprincipled, outrageous, wicked |
| 무모하다mumohada | adjective reckless, rash |
| 무색하다musaekada | adjective put to shame, overshadowed; colorless |
| 무수하다musuhada | adjective countless, innumerable |
| 미흡하다miheupada | adjective insufficient, lacking, unsatisfactory |
| 박식하다baksikada | adjective knowledgeable, erudite, well-read |
| 범상하다beomsanghada | adjective ordinary, commonplace |
| 비근하다bigeunhada | adjective familiar, commonplace, close at hand |
| 비루하다biruhada | adjective base, mean, vulgar; shabby |
| 빈약하다binyakada | adjective poor, meager, scanty, weak |
| 상이하다sang-ihada | adjective different, dissimilar |
| 생경하다saenggyeonghada | adjective unfamiliar, strange; stiff, awkward (of expressions) |
| 소원하다sowonhada | adjective estranged, distant (of a relationship) |
| 속되다sokdoeda | adjective vulgar, crude, common, worldly |
| 수려하다suryeohada | adjective beautiful, handsome, fine (of scenery or looks) |
| 수척하다sucheokada | adjective gaunt, haggard, emaciated |
| 숭고하다sunggohada | adjective sublime, noble, lofty |
| 신랄하다sillalhada | adjective scathing, biting, harsh (of criticism) |
| 신묘하다sinmyohada | adjective mysterious, marvelous, uncanny |
| 심오하다simohada | adjective profound, deep |
| 아득하다adeukada | adjective far off, distant, faint; at a loss |
| 안이하다anihada | adjective complacent, easygoing, lax |
| 암담하다amdamhada | adjective bleak, gloomy, dismal |
| 엄정하다eomjeonghada | adjective strict and fair, impartial |
| 여실하다yeosilhada | adjective true to life, vivid, exact |
| 오묘하다omyohada | adjective profound and mysterious, subtle |
| 완강하다wanganghada | adjective stubborn, obstinate, adamant |
| 요원하다yowonhada | adjective distant, far off, remote (of a goal) |
| 용의주도하다yonguijudohada | adjective meticulous, careful, thorough (in planning) |
| 우직하다ujikada | adjective simple and honest, honest to a fault |
| 원대하다wondaehada | adjective far-reaching, ambitious, grand |
| 유구하다yuguhada | adjective age-old, long-standing, time-honored |
| 유려하다yuryeohada | adjective flowing, fluent, graceful (of writing or style) |
| 유약하다yuyakada | adjective weak, frail, soft |
| 음험하다eumheomhada | adjective sinister, insidious, sly |
| 자명하다jamyeonghada | adjective self-evident, obvious |
| 장엄하다jangeomhada | adjective majestic, solemn, grand |
| 절묘하다jeolmyohada | adjective exquisite, superb, perfectly timed |
| 정갈하다jeonggalhada | adjective neat and clean, tidy |
| 정숙하다jeongsukada | adjective quiet, silent, hushed |
| 정연하다jeongyeonhada | adjective orderly, systematic, well-organized |
| 조악하다joakada | adjective crude, shoddy, poor-quality |
| 조야하다joyahada | adjective coarse, crude, unrefined (of manners or style) |
| 졸렬하다jollyeolhada | adjective petty, mean, clumsy |
| 준엄하다juneomhada | adjective stern, severe, rigorous |
| 지순하다jisunhada | adjective utterly pure |
| 질박하다jilbakada | adjective plain, simple, unadorned, rustic |
| 청렴하다cheongnyeomhada | adjective incorruptible, honest, clean-handed |
| 청아하다cheongahada | adjective clear and elegant (of a voice or sound) |
| 초연하다choyeonhada | adjective aloof, detached, unperturbed |
| 투박하다tubakada | adjective rough, crude, coarse; blunt, unpolished (speech or manner) |
| 판이하다panihada | adjective completely different, entirely distinct |
| 편협하다pyeonhyeopada | adjective narrow-minded, intolerant, biased |
| 평이하다pyeongihada | adjective easy, plain, simple (to understand) |
| 포악하다poakada | adjective brutal, savage, cruel and violent |
| 피상적pisangjeok | determiner superficial, shallow, surface-level |
| 험난하다heomnanhada | adjective rough, perilous, full of hardship |
| 현란하다hyeollanhada | adjective dazzling, flashy, gaudy; glib (talk) |
| 협소하다hyeopsohada | adjective cramped, narrow, small (space) |
| 호방하다hobanghada | adjective bold and open-hearted, free-spirited, big-hearted |
| 호젓하다hojeotada | adjective quiet and secluded, peaceful; solitary |
| 황망하다hwangmanghada | adjective flustered, in a frantic hurry; sudden and shocking (news of a death) |
| 후덕하다hudeokada | adjective generous, kind-hearted, benevolent; (euphemism) plump |
| 흉흉하다hyunghyunghada | adjective restless and uneasy, ominous (public mood); turbulent |
| 희박하다huibakada | adjective thin, sparse; slim, faint (chance) |
| 희한하다huihanhada | adjective strange, weird, odd; rare, remarkable |
| 가당찮다gadangchanta | adjective absurd, preposterous, out of the question |
| 고단하다godanhada | adjective tired, weary, exhausted; hard (life) |
| 고약하다goyakada | adjective foul, nasty (smell); mean, ill-tempered; awful (weather) |
| 구차하다guchahada | adjective lame, undignified (excuse); shabby, wretched (life) |
| 궁색하다gungsaekada | adjective needy, hard up; lame, feeble (excuse) |
| 극진하다geukjinhada | adjective utmost, devoted, wholehearted (care, hospitality) |
| 능청스럽다neungcheongseureopda | adjective sly, coy; acting innocent with a straight face |
| 무던하다mudeonhada | adjective easygoing, good-natured, tolerant; fairly good, decent |
| 버젓하다beojeotada | adjective decent, respectable, proper; open, unashamed |
| 변변하다byeonbyeonhada | adjective decent, adequate, proper (mostly with negatives) |
| 부질없다bujireopda | adjective futile, pointless, vain |
| 살뜰하다saltteulhada | adjective thrifty, frugal; caring, attentive |
| 쌀쌀맞다ssalssalmatda | adjective cold, unfriendly, curt (attitude) |
| 아리송하다arisonghada | adjective vague, unclear, puzzling |
| 애꿎다aekkutda | adjective innocent, blameless (yet suffering); undeserving |
| 어눌하다eonulhada | adjective slow of speech, halting, inarticulate |
| 어수룩하다eosurukada | adjective naive, gullible, unsophisticated |
| 얄궂다yalgutda | adjective cruel, ironic (fate); strange, odd |
| 옹졸하다ongjolhada | adjective petty, narrow-minded, small-hearted |
| 의뭉스럽다uimungseureopda | adjective sly, crafty while seeming simple |
| 조신하다josinhada | adjective well-mannered, demure, modest in behavior |
| 지긋하다jigeutada | adjective advanced in years, mature; patient, steady |
| 천연덕스럽다cheonyeondeokseureopda | adjective nonchalant, poker-faced, acting perfectly natural (as if nothing happened) |
| 푸근하다pugeunhada | adjective warm, cozy, comforting; mild (weather) |
| 헛헛하다heoteotada | adjective empty, hollow (feeling); a bit hungry |
| 각기gakgi | adverb each, respectively, individually |
| 결단코gyeoldanko | adverb absolutely, by no means, never (with negatives) |
| 경황없이gyeonghwangeopsi | adverb in a rush, frantically, with no time to think |
| 고로goro | conjunction therefore, hence, thus |
| 공공연히gonggongyeonhi | adverb openly, publicly, without hiding |
| 기실gisil | adverb in fact, actually, in truth |
| 누차nucha | adverb repeatedly, time and again |
| 대거daegeo | adverb in large numbers, en masse, on a large scale |
| 도합dohap | adverb in total, altogether |
| 매사maesa | adverb in everything, in every matter |
| 면면히myeonmyeonhi | adverb continuously, unbroken (through generations) |
| 무릇mureut | adverb generally, as a rule (opening a general truth) |
| 물경mulgyeong | adverb no less than, a whopping (before a surprising number) |
| 바야흐로bayaheuro | adverb now (at last), just now, at this very moment |
| 속속soksok | adverb one after another, in succession |
| 시종sijong | adverb from start to finish, throughout |
| 시종일관sijongilgwan | adverb consistently, unwaveringly, all the way through |
| 어언eoeon | adverb before one knows it, already (time passing) |
| 오롯이orosi | adverb wholly, entirely, undividedly |
| 의당uidang | adverb naturally, rightly, as a matter of course |
| 이내inae | adverb soon, right away, before long |
| 일거에ilgeoe | adverb at one stroke, in one go, all at once |
| 일말ilmal | noun a trace, a touch, a shred (of) |
| 일절iljeol | adverb not at all, never, absolutely not |
| 일체ilche | noun all, everything, the whole |
| 정녕jeongnyeong | adverb truly, really, surely |
| 태반taeban | noun more than half, the greater part, most |
| 통틀어tongteureo | adverb in all, altogether, all told |
| 필경pilgyeong | adverb in the end, after all; surely |
| 필시pilsi | adverb surely, certainly, no doubt (inference) |
| 한낱hannat | adverb mere, just, nothing but |
| 한사코hansako | adverb stubbornly, desperately, at all costs |
| 혹자hokja | noun some people, someone |
| 홀연히horyeonhi | adverb suddenly, unexpectedly, out of nowhere |
| 흡사heupsa | adverb just like, exactly as if, closely resembling |
| 극구geukgu | adverb strongly, earnestly, insistently |
| 다분히dabunhi | adverb considerably, largely, quite (likely) |
| 애오라지aeoraji | adverb only, solely, merely; barely (literary) |
| 연거푸yeongeopu | adverb repeatedly, in a row, again and again |
| 은연중eunyeonjung | adverb unconsciously, without realizing it; implicitly |
| 짐짓jimjit | adverb deliberately, on purpose (putting on an act) |
| 하릴없이harireopsi | adverb helplessly, with no other choice; unmistakably |
| 허투루heoturu | adverb carelessly, casually, lightly |
| 호젓이hojeosi | adverb quietly and alone, in peaceful solitude |
| 초고령사회chogoryeongsahoe | noun super-aged society (20% or more of people aged 65+) |
| 저출생jeochulsaeng | noun low birth rate |
| 인구절벽ingujeolbyeok | noun population cliff, sharp population decline |
| 인구구조ingugujo | noun population structure, demographic makeup |
| 일인가구iringagu | noun single-person household |
| 이주민ijumin | noun migrant, immigrant |
| 이주노동자ijunodongja | noun migrant worker |
| 혐오표현hyeomopyohyeon | noun hate speech |
| 성소수자seongsosuja | noun sexual minority, LGBTQ person |
| 사회적 약자sahoejeok yakja | expression the socially vulnerable, disadvantaged people |
| 취약계층chwiyakgyecheung | noun vulnerable groups, the vulnerable class |
| 소외계층sooegyecheung | noun marginalized groups, the underprivileged |
| 상류층sangnyucheung | noun upper class |
| 계층이동gyecheungidong | noun social mobility, class mobility |
| 신분상승sinbunsangseung | noun rise in social status, climbing the social ladder |
| 세습seseup | noun hereditary succession, passing down (wealth, power, status) |
| 특권층teukgwoncheung | noun privileged class, the privileged |
| 엘리트주의elliteujuui | noun elitism |
| 학벌주의hakbeoljuui | noun academic elitism, judging people by their school background |
| 연고주의yeongojuui | noun favoritism based on personal ties, cronyism |
| 지연jiyeon | noun regional ties, bonds from a shared hometown |
| 페미니즘peminijeum | noun feminism |
| 가부장제gabujangje | noun patriarchy, patriarchal system |
| 남존여비namjonnyeobi | noun the idea that men are superior to women |
| 유리천장yuricheonjang | noun glass ceiling |
| 경력단절gyeongnyeokdanjeol | noun career break, career interruption (esp. women leaving work for childcare) |
| 일과 삶의 균형ilgwa salmui gyunhyeong | expression work-life balance |
| 과로사gwarosa | noun death from overwork |
| 자살률jasallyul | noun suicide rate |
| 청소년비행cheongsonyeonbihaeng | noun juvenile delinquency |
| 노인학대noinhakdae | noun elder abuse |
| 성폭력seongpongnyeok | noun sexual violence |
| 사이버폭력saibeopongnyeok | noun cyberbullying, online violence |
| 신상털기sinsangteolgi | noun doxxing, digging up and exposing someone's personal info |
| 허위정보heowijeongbo | noun false information, disinformation |
| 정정보도jeongjeongbodo | noun correction (published by a news outlet) |
| 반론보도ballonbodo | noun right-of-reply report, published rebuttal |
| 언론자유eollonjayu | noun freedom of the press |
| 보도지침bodojichim | noun press guidelines, government reporting directives |
| 자기검열jagigeomyeol | noun self-censorship |
| 언론중재eollonjungjae | noun press arbitration, mediation of media disputes |
| 일간지ilganji | noun daily newspaper |
| 주간지juganji | noun weekly magazine |
| 월간지wolganji | noun monthly magazine |
| 조간jogan | noun morning paper, morning edition |
| 석간seokgan | noun evening paper, evening edition |
| 내부고발자naebugobalja | noun whistleblower |
| 단독보도dandokbodo | noun exclusive report, scoop |
| 보도자료bodojaryo | noun press release |
| 편파pyeonpa | noun bias, partiality, one-sidedness |
| 편파보도pyeonpabodo | noun biased reporting, one-sided coverage |
| 알권리algwolli | noun the right to know |
| 사생활침해sasaenghwalchimhae | noun invasion of privacy |
| 여론형성yeoronhyeongseong | noun shaping of public opinion |
| 의제화uijehwa | noun agenda-setting, putting an issue on the agenda |
| 뉴미디어nyumidieo | noun new media |
| 공영방송gongyeongbangsong | noun public broadcasting, public broadcaster |
| 민영방송minyeongbangsong | noun commercial broadcasting, private broadcaster |
| 종합편성채널jonghappyeonseongchaeneol | noun general programming cable channel (e.g. JTBC, MBN) |
| 필터버블pilteobeobeul | noun filter bubble |
| 확증편향hwakjeungpyeonhyang | noun confirmation bias |
| 정보격차jeongbogyeokcha | noun information gap, information divide |
| 디지털격차dijiteolgyeokcha | noun digital divide |
| 미디어리터러시midieoriteoreosi | noun media literacy |
| 하위문화hawimunhwa | noun subculture |
| 주류문화jurumunhwa | noun mainstream culture |
| 반문화banmunhwa | noun counterculture |
| 문화상대주의munhwasangdaejuui | noun cultural relativism |
| 자문화중심주의jamunhwajungsimjuui | noun ethnocentrism |
| 문화사대주의munhwasadaejuui | noun cultural toadyism, blind worship of foreign culture |
| 문화지체munhwajiche | noun cultural lag |
| 문화접변munhwajeopbyeon | noun acculturation, culture change through contact |
| 동화donghwa | noun assimilation (cultural) |
| 세대갈등sedaegaldeung | noun generational conflict, generation gap |
| 베이비붐세대beibibumsedae | noun baby boomers, baby boom generation |
| 공동체의식gongdongcheuisik | noun sense of community |
| 집단주의jipdanjuui | noun collectivism |
| 연대의식yeondaeuisik | noun sense of solidarity |
| 시민의식siminuisik | noun civic awareness, civic-mindedness |
| 준법정신junbeopjeongsin | noun law-abiding spirit, respect for the law |
| 봉사정신bongsajeongsin | noun spirit of service, volunteer spirit |
| 기부문화gibumunhwa | noun culture of giving, donation culture |
| 사회공헌sahoegongheon | noun social contribution, corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities |
| 사회적 기업sahoejeok gieop | expression social enterprise |
| 협동조합hyeopdongjohap | noun cooperative, co-op |
| 비영리단체biyeongnidanche | noun nonprofit organization |
| 사회운동sahoeundong | noun social movement |
| 촛불집회chotbuljiphoe | noun candlelight vigil, candlelight rally |
| 단식농성dansingnongseong | noun hunger strike, sit-in fast |
| 서명운동seomyeongundong | noun petition drive, signature campaign |
| 청원cheongwon | noun petition |
| 국민청원gungmincheongwon | noun public petition (to the government) |
| 기후위기gihuwigi | noun climate crisis |
| 메탄metan | noun methane |
| 탄소배출tansobaechul | noun carbon emissions |
| 탄소배출권tansobaechulgwon | noun carbon credit, emission allowance |
| 탄소발자국tansobaljaguk | noun carbon footprint |
| 넷제로netjero | noun net zero |
| 파리협정parihyeopjeong | noun the Paris Agreement |
| 해수면 상승haesumyeon sangseung | expression sea-level rise |
| 만년설mannyeonseol | noun permanent snow, perpetual snowcap |
| 영구동토층yeonggudongtocheung | noun permafrost |
| 초미세먼지chomisemeonji | noun ultrafine dust, PM2.5 |
| 스모그seumogeu | noun smog |
| 토양오염toyangoyeom | noun soil pollution, soil contamination |
| 해양오염haeyangoyeom | noun marine pollution, ocean pollution |
| 미세플라스틱misepeullaseutik | noun microplastics |
| 적조jeokjo | noun red tide (algal bloom) |
| 부영양화buyeongyanghwa | noun eutrophication |
| 하수처리hasucheori | noun sewage treatment, wastewater treatment |
| 오염물질oyeommuljil | noun pollutant, contaminant |
| 유해물질yuhaemuljil | noun hazardous substance, harmful substance |
| 환경호르몬hwangyeonghoreumon | noun endocrine disruptor |
| 산업폐기물saneoppyegimul | noun industrial waste |
| 새활용saehwaryong | noun upcycling |
| 업사이클링eopsaikeulling | noun upcycling |
| 생분해saengbunhae | noun biodegradation |
| 지속가능성jisokganeungseong | noun sustainability |
| 지속가능한 발전jisokganeunghan baljeon | expression sustainable development |
| 녹색성장noksaekseongjang | noun green growth |
| 신재생에너지sinjaesaengeneoji | noun new and renewable energy |
| 재생에너지jaesaengeneoji | noun renewable energy |
| 조력joryeok | noun tidal power |
| 지열jiyeol | noun geothermal heat |
| 화력hwaryeok | noun thermal power (from burning fuel); firepower; heat of a fire |
| 탈원전tarwonjeon | noun nuclear phase-out |
| 화석연료hwaseongnyeollyo | noun fossil fuel |
| 셰일가스syeilgaseu | noun shale gas |
| 에너지전환eneojijeonhwan | noun energy transition |
| 에너지효율eneojihyoyul | noun energy efficiency |
| 배전baejeon | noun power distribution |
| 발전량baljeonnyang | noun amount of power generated, power output |
| 생태학saengtaehak | noun ecology (the science) |
| 서식seosik | noun inhabiting, living (of animals and plants); habitat |
| 개체수gaechesu | noun population (number of individuals of a species) |
| 천적cheonjeok | noun natural enemy, natural predator |
| 외래종oeraejong | noun non-native species, invasive species |
| 토종tojong | noun native species, native breed; homegrown |
| 생태통로saengtaetongno | noun wildlife crossing, eco-corridor |
| 보호구역bohoguyeok | noun protected area, reserve; (school) safety zone |
| 삼림samnim | noun forest, woodland |
| 남벌nambeol | noun reckless logging, overcutting of forests |
| 산림파괴sallimpagoe | noun deforestation, forest destruction |
| 열대우림yeoldaeurim | noun tropical rainforest |
| 이상기온isanggion | noun abnormal temperatures, unusual weather |
| 화산재hwasanjae | noun volcanic ash |
| 엘니뇨elninyo | noun El Niño |
| 라니냐raninya | noun La Niña |
| 가미하다gamihada | verb to add, to season with; to incorporate (an element) |
| 갈파하다galpahada | verb to declare boldly, to point out incisively |
| 감행하다gamhaenghada | verb to venture, to dare to carry out, to risk |
| 경도되다gyeongdodoeda | verb to be drawn toward, to lean heavily toward (an idea); to be captivated |
| 경질하다gyeongjilhada | verb to replace, to dismiss and replace (an official) |
| 고사하다gosahada | verb to decline firmly, to turn down politely |
| 관류하다gwallyuhada | verb to flow through, to run through |
| 교란하다gyoranhada | verb to disturb, to disrupt, to throw into confusion |
| 구명하다gumyeonghada | verb to investigate thoroughly, to get to the bottom of |
| 구사하다gusahada | verb to use skillfully, to command (a language or technique) |
| 군림하다gullimhada | verb to reign, to dominate, to lord it over |
| 궐기하다gwolgihada | verb to rise up, to rally (in protest) |
| 귀감이 되다gwigami doeda | expression to be a model, to serve as an example |
| 극대화하다geukdaehwahada | verb to maximize |
| 극소화하다geuksohwahada | verb to minimize |
| 기술되다gisuldoeda | verb to be described, to be written (in a text) |
| 기용하다giyonghada | verb to appoint, to put in (a person) for a role |
| 기탁하다gitakada | verb to entrust, to deposit; to donate (to an organization) |
| 낙인찍다naginjjikda | verb to brand, to stigmatize, to label |
| 난립하다nallipada | verb to spring up in disorderly numbers, to proliferate |
| 남발하다nambalhada | verb to issue recklessly, to overuse, to throw around (promises) |
| 내재하다naejaehada | verb to be inherent, to be intrinsic |
| 단죄하다danjoehada | verb to condemn, to convict |
| 답지하다dapjihada | verb to pour in, to flood in (letters, donations, aid) |
| 도용하다doyonghada | verb to steal and use, to misappropriate (an identity or idea) |
| 매료되다maeryodoeda | verb to be fascinated, to be captivated, to be charmed |
| 면탈하다myeontalhada | verb to evade, to escape (duty or responsibility) |
| 몰각하다molgakada | verb to ignore entirely, to lose sight of |
| 묘파하다myopahada | verb to depict vividly, to portray incisively |
| 반증하다banjeunghada | verb to disprove, to refute; to show (indirectly), to be a sign of |
| 발로하다ballohada | verb to show itself, to be expressed, to manifest |
| 발탁하다baltakada | verb to select, to pick out (for a position) |
| 방불하다bangbulhada | adjective to closely resemble, to be reminiscent of |
| 배가되다baegadoeda | verb to double, to be doubled; to increase greatly |
| 배격하다baegyeokada | verb to reject, to denounce, to repudiate |
| 변별하다byeonbyeolhada | verb to discriminate, to distinguish, to tell apart |
| 병존하다byeongjonhada | verb to coexist, to exist side by side |
| 보좌하다bojwahada | verb to assist, to aid (a superior) |
| 봉합하다bonghapada | verb to patch up (a conflict); to suture |
| 부언하다bueonhada | verb to add (a remark), to say further |
| 부유하다buyuhada | verb to float, to drift about |
| 분기하다bungihada | verb to branch off, to diverge |
| 분열하다bunyeolhada | verb to split, to divide; to break up (a group) |
| 비등하다bideunghada | verb to boil; to surge, to be in uproar (public opinion) |
| 빈발하다binbalhada | verb to occur frequently |
| 사장되다sajangdoeda | verb to lie unused, to be shelved, to go to waste |
| 산출하다sanchulhada | verb to calculate, to compute |
| 상주하다sangjuhada | verb to be stationed permanently, to reside permanently |
| 상통하다sangtonghada | verb to have in common, to be in line with; to communicate mutually |
| 선양하다seonyanghada | verb to promote, to enhance, to exalt (a nation's honor) |
| 선회하다seonhoehada | verb to circle, to turn around; to shift (a policy) |
| 설정하다seoljeonghada | verb to set, to set up, to establish |
| 섬멸하다seommyeolhada | verb to annihilate, to wipe out |
| 성토하다seongtohada | verb to denounce publicly, to condemn (in a group) |
| 세습하다seseupada | verb to inherit, to pass down (by heredity) |
| 소급되다sogeupdoeda | verb to be retroactive, to apply retroactively |
| 소외하다sooehada | verb to alienate, to exclude, to leave out |
| 수탈하다sutalhada | verb to exploit, to plunder, to extort |
| 숙청하다sukcheonghada | verb to purge |
| 시현하다sihyeonhada | verb to manifest, to show, to demonstrate |
| 실각하다silgakada | verb to fall from power, to lose one's position |
| 심취하다simchwihada | verb to be absorbed in, to be infatuated with |
| 알선하다alseonhada | verb to arrange, to mediate, to broker |
| 압축하다apchukada | verb to compress; to condense, to narrow down |
| 약진하다yakjinhada | verb to make great strides, to advance rapidly |
| 양립하다yangnipada | verb to be compatible, to coexist |
| 엄단하다eomdanhada | verb to punish severely, to deal strictly with |
| 역임하다yeogimhada | verb to have served (successively) as, to have held (a post) |
| 연마하다yeonmahada | verb to hone, to polish, to cultivate (a skill) |
| 연명하다yeonmyeonghada | verb to barely survive, to eke out a living; to prolong life |
| 연착륙하다yeonchangnyukada | verb to make a soft landing (also of an economy) |
| 열람하다yeollamhada | verb to read, to view, to look over (records) |
| 영합하다yeonghapada | verb to cater to, to pander to |
| 예단하다yedanhada | verb to prejudge, to predict hastily |
| 오도하다odohada | verb to mislead |
| 와전되다wajeondoeda | verb to be misreported, to be distorted (in passing along) |
| 용해되다yonghaedoeda | verb to dissolve, to melt |
| 운집하다unjipada | verb to gather in great numbers, to throng, to flock |
| 유예하다yuyehada | verb to postpone, to defer, to suspend (a decision, payment or sentence) |
| 유착하다yuchakada | verb to collude, to be in cozy ties (with); to adhere (medical) |
| 윤색하다yunsaekada | verb to embellish, to embroider, to dress up (a story or text) |
| 응축하다eungchukada | verb to condense, to compress, to concentrate |
| 이반하다ibanhada | verb to turn away from, to become alienated from (support, loyalty) |
| 이완되다iwandoeda | verb to relax, to loosen, to become slack |
| 인용하다inyonghada | verb to quote, to cite |
| 일소하다ilsohada | verb to sweep away, to wipe out, to eradicate completely |
| 작용하다jagyonghada | verb to act on, to work, to have an effect, to play a role |
| 잠재하다jamjaehada | verb to lie dormant, to be latent, to be hidden within |
| 재편하다jaepyeonhada | verb to reorganize, to restructure, to realign |
| 적시하다jeoksihada | verb to point out, to specify, to state explicitly |
| 전도되다jeondodoeda | verb to be inverted, to be turned upside down, to be reversed |
| 전복하다jeonbokada | verb to overturn, to capsize; to overthrow (a regime) |
| 전용하다jeonyonghada | verb to divert (funds or land) to another use, to repurpose |
| 절충하다jeolchunghada | verb to compromise, to strike a middle ground, to blend |
| 점화하다jeomhwahada | verb to ignite, to light; to spark off (a controversy) |
| 정진하다jeongjinhada | verb to devote oneself to, to strive diligently |
| 제창하다jechanghada | verb to advocate, to propose, to put forward (an idea or theory) |
| 조율하다joyulhada | verb to tune (an instrument); to coordinate, to adjust (views or schedules) |
| 종식하다jongsikada | verb to end, to bring to an end, to put a stop to |
| 주시하다jusihada | verb to watch closely, to keep an eye on, to monitor |
| 준용하다junyonghada | verb to apply mutatis mutandis, to apply correspondingly (law or rule) |
| 중첩되다jungcheopdoeda | verb to overlap, to pile up, to be layered |
| 증폭되다jeungpokdoeda | verb to be amplified, to grow, to escalate (doubts, conflict) |
| 지속하다jisokada | verb to continue, to sustain, to last |
| 진두지휘하다jindujihwihada | verb to lead from the front, to personally take command |
| 진력하다jillyeokada | verb to do one's utmost, to devote all one's energy |
| 집대성하다jipdaeseonghada | verb to compile into a comprehensive whole, to synthesize, to systematize |
| 징발하다jingbalhada | verb to requisition, to commandeer (goods or people by the state) |
| 차용하다chayonghada | verb to borrow (money, words or ideas) |
| 착취하다chakchwihada | verb to exploit, to squeeze (labor or resources) |
| 참칭하다chamchinghada | verb to falsely assume a title, to usurp a name |
| 창달하다changdalhada | verb to promote, to foster, to develop freely (culture, speech) |
| 천거하다cheongeohada | verb to recommend (someone for a position) |
| 체념하다chenyeomhada | verb to give up hope, to resign oneself (to) |
| 초빙하다chobinghada | verb to invite (an expert or guest), to recruit |
| 추대하다chudaehada | verb to elect or install (someone as leader), to set up as head |
| 추서하다chuseohada | verb to confer posthumously (a rank or decoration) |
| 추인하다chuinhada | verb to ratify after the fact, to approve retroactively |
| 축출하다chukchulhada | verb to expel, to oust, to drive out |
| 치하하다chihahada | verb to commend, to praise (a subordinate's work) |
| 침잠하다chimjamhada | verb to immerse oneself (in thought or study); to sink deep |
| 탐닉하다tamnikada | verb to indulge in, to be addicted to (pleasure) |
| 통섭하다tongseopada | verb to integrate, to unify (different fields of knowledge) |
| 통찰하다tongchalhada | verb to see into, to gain insight into |
| 퇴락하다toerakada | verb to fall into decay, to decline, to become dilapidated |
| 투사하다tusahada | verb to project (light, image or feelings onto) |
| 파견하다pagyeonhada | verb to dispatch, to send (personnel) |
| 파탄나다patannada | verb to collapse, to break down, to go bankrupt (finances, marriage) |
| 편찬하다pyeonchanhada | verb to compile, to edit (a dictionary, history or anthology) |
| 평정하다pyeongjeonghada | verb to subdue, to put down (a rebellion), to pacify; to dominate (a field) |
| 폐부를 찌르다pyebureul jjireuda | expression to cut to the quick, to strike home, to pierce the heart |
| 포섭하다poseopada | verb to win over, to recruit (to one's side); to subsume |
| 포용하다poyonghada | verb to embrace, to accept (with tolerance), to be inclusive toward |
| 풍미하다pungmihada | verb to dominate, to sweep (an era), to be all the rage |
| 하달하다hadalhada | verb to pass down (orders), to issue (instructions to subordinates) |
| 할애하다haraehada | verb to set aside, to devote, to spare (time or space) |
| 해후하다haehuhada | verb to meet again (unexpectedly or after a long separation) |
| 허비하다heobihada | verb to waste, to squander (time, money or energy) |
| 현시하다hyeonsihada | verb to display, to make manifest, to show clearly |
| 혐오하다hyeomohada | verb to loathe, to detest, to abhor |
| 혼동하다hondonghada | verb to confuse, to mix up (one thing with another) |
| 혼용하다honyonghada | verb to use together, to mix (in use) |
| 화합하다hwahapada | verb to be in harmony, to unite; to combine (chemistry) |
| 환원하다hwanwonhada | verb to give back, to return; to reduce (to a simpler form or in chemistry) |
| 회유하다hoeyuhada | verb to coax, to conciliate, to win over (with soft words or favors) |
| 횡령하다hoengnyeonghada | verb to embezzle |
| 흠모하다heummohada | verb to admire, to adore, to look up to |
| 흡사하다heupsahada | adjective very similar, closely resembling, just like |
| 희구하다huiguhada | verb to long for, to earnestly seek, to aspire to |
| 힐책하다hilchaekada | verb to reprimand, to rebuke, to take to task |
| 갈무리하다galmurihada | verb to store away, to put away neatly; to wrap up, to finish off (work) |
| 곰삭다gomsakda | verb to ferment fully, to mellow with age; (of cloth) to wear thin |
| 굽어보다gubeoboda | verb to look down on (from above); to look kindly down upon |
| 깃들다gitdeulda | verb to dwell in, to be imbued with (spirit, feeling); to settle in (dusk, quiet) |
| 넘나들다neomnadeulda | verb to go back and forth (across), to cross freely between |
| 동여매다dongyeomaeda | verb to tie up tightly, to bind |
| 되뇌다doenoeda | verb to repeat over and over, to keep saying (to oneself) |
| 드리우다deuriuda | verb to hang down, to let down (a curtain); to cast (a shadow) |
| 들추다deulchuda | verb to lift and look under; to dig up, rake up (the past, faults); to leaf through |
| 머금다meogeumda | verb to hold in the mouth; to hold back (tears); to wear (a faint smile) |
| 바래다baraeda | verb to fade, to discolor |
| 버무리다beomurida | verb to mix, to toss (food with seasoning); to blend |
| 벼리다byeorida | verb to sharpen (a blade by heating and hammering); to hone, to steel (one's resolve) |
| 부대끼다budaekkida | verb to be jostled, to rub shoulders with; to be harassed, to be troubled; (stomach) to feel unsettled |
| 북돋우다bukdoduda | verb to encourage, to boost (morale, courage) |
| 사무치다samuchida | verb to pierce deeply (into the heart), to be deeply felt |
| 서리다seorida | verb (steam) to fog up, to form; (feelings, spirit) to be steeped in, to linger |
| 스러지다seureojida | verb to vanish, to fade away, to die out |
| 시나브로 스며들다sinabeuro seumyeodeulda | expression to seep in little by little, to sink in gradually without one noticing |
| 에두르다eduruda | verb to go around, to surround; to beat around the bush, to say indirectly |
| 여미다yeomida | verb to pull together, to straighten (clothes) |
| 옭아매다olgamaeda | verb to tie up tightly; to ensnare, to bind (with rules or false charges) |
| 움트다umteuda | verb to sprout, to bud; (feelings) to begin to grow |
| 저미다jeomida | verb to slice thin; (heart) to ache as if cut |
| 짓누르다jinnureuda | verb to press down hard, to crush; to weigh on, to oppress |
| 톺아보다topaboda | verb to examine thoroughly, to comb through |
| 휘감다hwigamda | verb to wind around, to coil around, to wrap |
| 흩날리다heunnallida | verb to scatter in the wind, to flutter |
| 아로새기다arosaegida | verb to engrave intricately; to engrave in one's memory |
| 어르다eoreuda | verb to soothe, to humor (a baby); to coax |
| 에우다euda | verb to surround, to encircle |
| 일렁이다illeongida | verb to sway, to roll (waves), to flicker; (feelings) to stir |
| 지새우다jisaeuda | verb to stay up all night |
| 짓이기다jinnigida | verb to crush, to mash, to trample |
| 펼쳐지다pyeolchyeojida | verb to spread out, to unfold; to stretch out before one's eyes |
| 하소연하다hasoyeonhada | verb to pour out one's troubles, to plead one's case, to complain (to someone) |
| 흐느끼다heuneukkida | verb to sob |
| 움츠러들다umcheureodeulda | verb to shrink back, to huddle, to cower; to lose confidence |
| 일그러지다ilgeureojida | verb to be contorted, to be distorted, to be warped |
| 뒤척이다dwicheogida | verb to toss and turn; to rummage through |
| 서성이다seoseongida | verb to pace up and down, to hang around restlessly |
| 간교하다gangyohada | adjective cunning, crafty, wily |
| 감미롭다gammiropda | adjective sweet, mellow (music, voice, mood) |
| 강퍅하다gangpyakada | adjective obstinate and ill-tempered, cantankerous |
| 고고하다gogohada | adjective lofty and aloof, noble and solitary |
| 고색창연하다gosaekchangyeonhada | adjective time-honored, timeworn, with an antique look |
| 곡진하다gokjinhada | adjective earnest, heartfelt, sincere and thorough |
| 공교롭다gonggyoropda | adjective coincidental, unexpected (often awkwardly so) |
| 과분하다gwabunhada | adjective more than one deserves, undeserved, too generous |
| 광활하다gwanghwalhada | adjective vast, wide open |
| 구성지다guseongjida | adjective (song, voice) soulful, mellow and moving |
| 궁벽하다gungbyeokada | adjective remote, out-of-the-way |
| 기구하다giguhada | adjective (fate, life) ill-starred, full of hardships |
| 나른하다nareunhada | adjective languid, drowsy, lethargic |
| 낭랑하다nangnanghada | adjective clear and ringing (voice) |
| 단아하다danahada | adjective graceful, neat and elegant |
| 망측하다mangcheukada | adjective outrageous, shameful, indecent |
| 명징하다myeongjinghada | adjective clear, lucid |
| 몽롱하다mongnonghada | adjective hazy, dazed, dreamy |
| 무람없다murameopda | adjective rude, impertinent, overly familiar (toward elders) |
| 무상하다musanghada | adjective transient, impermanent, ever-changing |
| 무참하다muchamhada | adjective cruel, brutal, horrible |
| 미려하다miryeohada | adjective beautiful, elegant (writing, design) |
| 박정하다bakjeonghada | adjective heartless, cold, unkind |
| 방자하다bangjahada | adjective insolent, impudent, arrogant |
| 빼어나다ppaeeonada | adjective outstanding, excellent; strikingly beautiful |
| 삼엄하다sameomhada | adjective tight (security), strict, forbidding |
| 서늘하다seoneulhada | adjective cool, chilly; chilling (with fear) |
| 선연하다seonyeonhada | adjective vivid, clear (as if seen right now) |
| 소슬하다soseulhada | adjective (wind) bleak and chilly, lonely |
| 숙성하다sukseonghada | adjective mature beyond one's years, precocious |
| 스산하다seusanhada | adjective bleak, dreary, chilly and gloomy; (mind) unsettled |
| 시시콜콜하다sisikolkolhada | adjective trivial, petty; overly detailed |
| 아연하다ayeonhada | adjective dumbfounded, speechless |
| 아찔하다ajjilhada | adjective dizzy, giddy; hair-raising |
| 암울하다amulhada | adjective gloomy, bleak, dismal |
| 애잔하다aejanhada | adjective poignant, touchingly sad; frail |
| 야릇하다yareutada | adjective strange, odd, peculiar; suggestive |
| 어스름하다eoseureumhada | adjective dim, dusky |
| 엄연하다eomyeonhada | adjective undeniable, plain (fact); dignified |
| 영롱하다yeongnonghada | adjective sparkling, brilliant (light, color); clear-ringing |
| 옹색하다ongsaekada | adjective cramped; hard up; (excuse) lame, feeble |
| 요염하다yoyeomhada | adjective bewitching, seductive |
| 우람하다uramhada | adjective imposing, massive, burly |
| 우매하다umaehada | adjective foolish, ignorant, benighted |
| 울창하다ulchanghada | adjective dense, thick, lush (of forests) |
| 웅숭깊다ungsunggipda | adjective deep, profound (of character or thought); deep and hollow |
| 유장하다yujanghada | adjective long and leisurely, unhurried, flowing |
| 유한하다yuhanhada | adjective finite, limited |
| 은근하다eungeunhada | adjective subtle, quiet, understated; warm in a low-key way |
| 음울하다eumulhada | adjective gloomy, dreary, melancholy |
| 자애롭다jaaeropda | adjective loving, affectionate, benevolent |
| 장중하다jangjunghada | adjective solemn, dignified, stately |
| 적요하다jeogyohada | adjective still and lonely, hushed, desolate |
| 절절하다jeoljeolhada | adjective heartfelt, earnest, deeply moving |
| 정정하다jeongjeonghada | adjective hale and hearty (of an elderly person) |
| 조촐하다jocholhada | adjective modest, simple, small and neat |
| 준수하다junsuhada | adjective handsome and talented, outstanding; decent, quite good |
| 지난하다jinanhada | adjective extremely difficult, arduous |
| 질펀하다jilpeonhada | adjective soggy, wet and muddy; broad and flat; lavish (of a party) |
| 처량하다cheoryanghada | adjective pitiful, forlorn, sad and lonely |
| 청초하다cheongchohada | adjective pure and neat, innocently pretty |
| 충만하다chungmanhada | adjective full, filled, brimming (with) |
| 태평하다taepyeonghada | adjective peaceful, tranquil; carefree, easygoing |
| 퇴폐적toepyejeok | determiner decadent |
| 푸르스름하다pureuseureumhada | adjective bluish, greenish |
| 한산하다hansanhada | adjective quiet, not busy, deserted |
| 허랑하다heoranghada | adjective frivolous, unreliable, dissolute |
| 헌칠하다heonchilhada | adjective tall and well-built, strapping |
| 현묘하다hyeonmyohada | adjective mysterious, profound, subtle |
| 혼탁하다hontakada | adjective murky, turbid; corrupt, chaotic (of society or politics) |
| 화사하다hwasahada | adjective bright and pretty, radiant, splendid |
| 황공하다hwanggonghada | adjective overawed, humbly grateful, deeply honored |
| 휑하다hwenghada | adjective empty, bare, hollow; (of eyes) sunken |
| 흐드러지다heudeureojida | adjective in full bloom, profuse, abundant |
| 흥건하다heunggeonhada | adjective soaked, sopping, pooled (with liquid) |
| 가뭇없다gamudeopda | adjective vanished without a trace, completely gone |
| 가없다gaeopda | adjective boundless, endless, infinite |
| 감쪽같다gamjjokgatda | adjective flawless, seamless (so no one can tell) |
| 거룩하다georukada | adjective holy, sacred, noble |
| 까마득하다kkamadeukada | adjective very far off, distant (in time or space); hopeless, at a loss |
| 나지막하다najimakada | adjective rather low; low and soft (of a voice) |
| 따사롭다ttasaropda | adjective pleasantly warm, mild (esp. sunlight) |
| 머쓱하다meosseukada | adjective sheepish, awkward, embarrassed |
| 뭉근하다munggeunhada | adjective low and steady (of heat), gentle |
| 보드랍다bodeurapda | adjective soft, smooth, tender |
| 사뿐하다sappunhada | adjective light, nimble (of steps or movements) |
| 새침하다saechimhada | adjective prim, coy, aloof (pretending not to care) |
| 소담하다sodamhada | adjective plump and pleasing to look at, generous and appetizing |
| 아스라하다aseurahada | adjective faint, dim, far-off |
| 애처롭다aecheoropda | adjective pitiful, heartbreaking, pathetic |
| 어여쁘다eoyeoppeuda | adjective pretty, lovely (old-fashioned) |
| 여리다yeorida | adjective tender, delicate; soft-hearted, sensitive |
| 오붓하다obutada | adjective cozy and intimate (with few people) |
| 올곧다olgotda | adjective upright, honest, straight |
| 정겹다jeonggyeopda | adjective warm, affectionate, homey |
| 초롱초롱하다chorongchoronghada | adjective bright, sparkling (of eyes); clear-minded |
| 푸지다pujida | adjective plentiful, abundant, generous (esp. food) |
| 해맑다haemakda | adjective bright and pure, innocent |
| 헛되다heotdoeda | adjective vain, futile, in vain |
| 무던히mudeonhi | adverb patiently, steadily; quite a lot, considerably |
| 미상불misangbul | adverb indeed, sure enough, truly |
| 바투batu | adverb close, near; (of time) short, tight |
| 부득불budeukbul | adverb unavoidably, inevitably, out of necessity |
| 사사건건sasageongeon | adverb in every single matter, at every turn |
| 삼가samga | adverb respectfully, humbly |
| 새록새록saeroksaerok | adverb freshly, anew, again and again |
| 선연히seonyeonhi | adverb vividly, clearly |
| 십분sipbun | adverb fully, sufficiently, to the fullest |
| 외려oeryeo | adverb rather, on the contrary, instead |
| 적이jeogi | adverb somewhat, considerably, quite |
| 지레jire | adverb in advance, prematurely, beforehand |
| 차차chacha | adverb gradually, little by little; later, in due time |
| 천연스레cheonyeonseure | adverb nonchalantly, as if nothing happened, naturally |
| 추호도chuhodo | adverb (not) in the slightest, (not) at all |
| 층층이cheungcheungi | adverb in layers, tier upon tier; on every floor |
| 켜켜이kyeokyeoi | adverb layer upon layer, in thick layers |
| 태연히taeyeonhi | adverb calmly, coolly, unperturbed |
| 퍽이나peogina | adverb very, quite; (sarcastic) sure, as if |
| 흔연히heunyeonhi | adverb gladly, willingly, cheerfully |
| 흡족히heupjoki | adverb contentedly, with satisfaction; sufficiently |
| 곰곰이gomgomi | adverb carefully, deeply (thinking it over) |
| 느지막이neujimagi | adverb rather late, quite late (in the day) |
| 번연히beonyeonhi | adverb plainly, obviously, full well |
| 어슴푸레eoseumpure | adverb dimly, faintly, vaguely |
| 오래도록oraedorok | adverb for a long time, for long |
| 지그시jigeusi | adverb gently (pressing or closing); quietly, patiently (enduring) |
| 하나같이hanagachi | adverb all alike, without exception, uniformly |
| 허겁지겁heogeopjigeop | adverb hurriedly, in a frantic rush; greedily (eating) |
| 홀연horyeon | adverb suddenly, all of a sudden, unexpectedly |
| 황급히hwanggeupi | adverb hurriedly, in great haste |
| 대번에daebeone | adverb at once, right away, in one go |
| 불가불bulgabul | adverb inevitably, unavoidably, having no choice but |
| 여하간yeohagan | adverb anyway, at any rate, in any case |
| 의연히uiyeonhi | adverb resolutely, calmly and firmly, with composure |
| 일껏ilkkeot | adverb taking all the trouble (only to be disappointed), with great effort |
| 자고로jagoro | adverb from of old, since ancient times |
| 작금jakgeum | noun these days, the present time, recently |
| 종내jongnae | adverb in the end, finally, ultimately |
| 종래jongnae | noun hitherto, until now; conventional |
| 차제에chajee | adverb on this occasion, while we're at it |
| 항차hangcha | adverb let alone, much less, all the more |
| 혹여hogyeo | adverb by any chance, if perhaps |
| 가치판단gachipandan | noun value judgment |
| 개별성gaebyeolseong | noun individuality, distinctiveness |
| 객체gaekche | noun object (as opposed to subject); entity |
| 거시적geosijeok | determiner macroscopic, big-picture, macro- |
| 미시적misijeok | determiner microscopic, micro-level, detailed |
| 결집gyeoljip | noun rallying, concentration, mobilization (of people or forces) |
| 계보gyebo | noun genealogy, lineage; line (of tradition or thought) |
| 고유성goyuseong | noun uniqueness, inherent character |
| 공시적gongsijeok | determiner synchronic (looking at one point in time) |
| 통시적tongsijeok | determiner diachronic (looking across time) |
| 교조주의gyojojuui | noun dogmatism |
| 귀추gwichu | noun outcome, how things turn out |
| 기저gijeo | noun basis, foundation, underlying base |
| 기치gichi | noun banner, flag; cause, slogan |
| 난맥상nanmaeksang | noun state of disorder, chaos, mess |
| 내력naeryeok | noun history, background, origin; family trait |
| 당위dangwi | noun what ought to be, (moral) necessity |
| 대립항daeriphang | noun opposing term, binary opposite |
| 대척점daecheokjeom | noun antipode; polar opposite |
| 도식dosik | noun schema, diagram; (rigid) formula |
| 도식화dosikhwa | noun schematization, diagramming; oversimplification |
| 동인dongin | noun driving force, motive, cause |
| 모태motae | noun womb; origin, parent body, matrix |
| 모티프motipeu | noun motif |
| 몰이해morihae | noun lack of understanding, incomprehension |
| 무위muwi | noun inaction, idleness; coming to nothing |
| 문제의식munjeuisik | noun awareness of an issue, critical sense of a problem |
| 범주화beomjuhwa | noun categorization |
| 변곡점byeongokjeom | noun inflection point; turning point |
| 본령bollyeong | noun essence, proper function, true domain |
| 본위bonwi | noun standard, basis; -centered |
| 부산물busanmul | noun by-product, spin-off |
| 분수령bunsuryeong | noun watershed; decisive turning point |
| 불가분bulgabun | noun inseparability |
| 비약biyak | noun leap, rapid progress; leap in logic |
| 상관성sanggwanseong | noun correlation, relevance |
| 상보성sangboseong | noun complementarity |
| 상호작용sanghojagyong | noun interaction |
| 선결과제seongyeolgwaje | noun prerequisite task, issue to resolve first |
| 섭리seomni | noun providence; law (of nature) |
| 소산sosan | noun product, fruit, result (of) |
| 시금석sigeumseok | noun touchstone, acid test |
| 시발점sibaljeom | noun starting point |
| 심층simcheung | noun depths, deep layer; in-depth |
| 암묵지ammukji | noun tacit knowledge |
| 양태yangtae | noun mode, form, aspect; modality (grammar) |
| 역기능yeokgineung | noun dysfunction, negative effect |
| 순기능sungineung | noun positive function, beneficial effect |
| 역학관계yeokhakgwangye | noun power dynamics, balance of power |
| 연원yeonwon | noun origin, source, roots |
| 외연oeyeon | noun extension (logic); scope, range |
| 내포naepo | noun connotation, implication; intension (logic) |
| 요체yoche | noun essence, gist, key point |
| 원형wonhyeong | noun archetype, prototype, original form |
| 유기적yugijeok | determiner organic, closely interconnected |
| 은유적eunyujeok | determiner metaphorical |
| 인과율ingwayul | noun law of causality, causality |
| 잔재janjae | noun remnant, vestige, leftover (usually negative) |
| 저변jeobyeon | noun base, foundation; grassroots, broad base (of support or participation) |
| 전형jeonhyeong | noun typical example, model, epitome |
| 제반jeban | noun all kinds of, various, all related (things) |
| 조류joryu | noun trend, current (of the times); tide |
| 존립jollip | noun existence, survival (of a nation, organization, etc.) |
| 지평jipyeong | noun horizon; scope, new frontier |
| 질곡jilgok | noun shackles, fetters, yoke (of oppression or hardship) |
| 첨예화cheomyehwa | noun sharpening, intensification (of a conflict or issue) |
| 체계화chegyehwa | noun systematization |
| 총체chongche | noun totality, the whole |
| 층위cheungwi | noun level, layer, stratum (of analysis) |
| 타자taja | noun the other, others (in philosophy) |
| 탈피talpi | noun breaking away (from), shedding; molting |
| 통념tongnyeom | noun conventional wisdom, common belief |
| 파급효과pageuphyogwa | noun ripple effect, spillover effect |
| 패러다임paeradaim | noun paradigm |
| 편린pyeollin | noun glimpse, fragment, small part (of a larger whole) |
| 표상pyosang | noun representation, symbol; mental image |
| 풍조pungjo | noun social trend, tendency, climate (often negative) |
| 합목적성hammokjeokseong | noun purposiveness, fitness for purpose |
| 해악haeak | noun harm, evil, ill effects |
| 허상heosang | noun illusion, false image; virtual image (optics) |
| 현주소hyeonjuso | noun current state, where something stands now; current address |
| 협의hyeobui | noun narrow sense (of a term) |
| 광의gwangui | noun broad sense (of a term) |
| 형해화hyeonghaehwa | noun hollowing out, becoming an empty shell (of a system or law) |
| 환원주의hwanwonjuui | noun reductionism |
| 효시hyosi | noun beginning, forerunner, the first of its kind |
| 휴머니즘hyumeonijeum | noun humanism; warm humanity, compassion |
| 가변성gabyeonseong | noun variability, changeability |
| 가시화gasihwa | noun becoming visible, materializing; visualization |
| 간극gangeuk | noun gap (between ideas, groups, etc.) |
| 개념화gaenyeomhwa | noun conceptualization |
| 고착화gochakhwa | noun entrenchment, becoming fixed or locked in |
| 괴리goeri | noun gap, disparity, disconnect |
| 구조화gujohwa | noun structuring, structuralization |
| 궤적gwejeok | noun trajectory, track, path (of a life or career) |
| 귀결gwigyeol | noun conclusion, outcome, end result |
| 균열gyunyeol | noun crack, fissure; rift (in a relationship or alliance) |
| 내재화naejaehwa | noun internalization |
| 다원주의dawonjuui | noun pluralism |
| 다원화dawonhwa | noun pluralization, diversification |
| 도래dorae | noun advent, arrival (of an era or age) |
| 모순성mosunseong | noun contradictoriness, inconsistency |
| 물질만능주의muljilmanneungjuui | noun materialism, the belief that money can do anything |
| 배타성baetaseong | noun exclusivity, exclusiveness |
| 변천사byeoncheonsa | noun history of changes, evolution (of something over time) |
| 병리현상byeongnihyeonsang | noun social pathology, pathological phenomenon |
| 본연bonyeon | noun original nature, true or inherent role |
| 불문율bulmunyul | noun unwritten rule |
| 상징성sangjingseong | noun symbolism, symbolic significance |
| 서열화seoyeolhwa | noun ranking, hierarchization |
| 순환sunhwan | noun circulation, cycle, rotation |
| 역동성yeokdongseong | noun dynamism, vitality |
| 영속성yeongsokseong | noun permanence, continuity, durability |
| 위정자wijeongja | noun those in power, rulers, statesmen |
| 윤곽yungwak | noun outline, contour, general shape |
| 이분법ibunbeop | noun dichotomy, black-and-white thinking |
| 자정jajeong | noun self-purification, self-cleansing |
| 자정능력jajeongneungnyeok | noun self-cleansing ability, capacity for self-correction |
| 정수jeongsu | noun essence, quintessence, the very best part |
| 정형화jeonghyeonghwa | noun standardization, formalization; becoming formulaic |
| 제도화jedohwa | noun institutionalization |
| 조응joeung | noun correspondence, harmony, matching (with) |
| 주안점juanjeom | noun main focus, key point, emphasis |
| 중층jungcheung | noun multiple layers, multilayered structure |
| 진면목jinmyeonmok | noun true face, true character, real worth |
| 집단지성jipdanjiseong | noun collective intelligence |
| 천부인권cheonbuingwon | noun natural human rights, inalienable rights |
| 태동taedong | noun stirrings, early beginnings (of a movement); fetal movement |
| 편중pyeonjung | noun imbalance, overconcentration, lopsidedness |
| 표층pyocheung | noun surface layer, surface |
| 필요악piryoak | noun necessary evil |
| 허구성heoguseong | noun fictitiousness, falseness |
| 형상hyeongsang | noun shape, form, figure |
| 혼돈hondon | noun chaos, confusion |
| 혼선honseon | noun crossed lines, interference; confusion, mix-up |
| 획일화hoegilhwa | noun standardization, uniformity, making everything the same |
| 가렴주구garyeomjugu | noun harsh taxation and extortion of the people |
| 각주구검gakjugugeom | noun foolishly sticking to outdated ways, failing to adapt |
| 간담상조gandamsangjo | noun close, heart-to-heart friendship |
| 감탄고토gamtangoto | noun taking what suits you and rejecting what doesn't, self-serving fickleness |
| 거두절미geodujeolmi | noun cutting to the chase, skipping the preamble |
| 건곤일척geongonilcheok | noun staking everything on one throw, an all-or-nothing gamble |
| 격세지감gyeoksejigam | noun the feeling that times have changed completely |
| 격화소양gyeokhwasoyang | noun an ineffective effort that misses the real problem |
| 견마지로gyeonmajiro | noun humble, devoted service (self-deprecating) |
| 경국지색gyeonggukjisaek | noun a woman of breathtaking beauty, a femme fatale |
| 계구우후gyeguuhu | noun better to be the head of a chicken than the tail of an ox |
| 고식지계gosikjigye | noun a stopgap measure, a temporary fix |
| 고장난명gojangnanmyeong | noun it takes two; you can't do it alone |
| 관포지교gwanpojigyo | noun a deep, lifelong friendship |
| 구밀복검gumilbokgeom | noun honeyed words hiding a dagger, two-faced |
| 군웅할거gununghalgeo | noun rival powers each holding their own territory |
| 권모술수gwonmosulsu | noun scheming and trickery, Machiavellian tactics |
| 금과옥조geumgwaokjo | noun a golden rule, a sacred precept |
| 금란지교geumnanjigyo | noun a very close, precious friendship |
| 금석지감geumseokjigam | noun a strong sense of how things have changed between then and now |
| 기호지세gihojise | noun a situation you can't back out of once started |
| 낙화유수nakhwayusu | noun fallen flowers and flowing water; the fading of spring, passing time |
| 난형난제nanhyeongnanje | noun neck and neck, hard to tell which is better |
| 남가일몽namgailmong | noun a fleeting dream, empty glory |
| 낭중지추nangjungjichu | noun real talent can't stay hidden |
| 노마지지nomajiji | noun the wisdom of experience |
| 누란지세nuranjise | noun a precarious situation, on the brink of collapse |
| 능소능대neungsoneungdae | noun versatile, able to handle anything big or small |
| 다기망양dagimangyang | noun losing the truth among too many paths; getting lost in too many options |
| 당동벌이dangdongbeori | noun siding with your own faction and attacking others |
| 대경실색daegyeongsilsaek | noun turning pale with shock |
| 도원결의dowongyeorui | noun a sworn oath of brotherhood |
| 도청도설docheongdoseol | noun groundless hearsay, idle rumor |
| 동가홍상donggahongsang | noun if the price is the same, pick the nicer one |
| 등고자비deunggojabi | noun every great journey starts with small steps |
| 마부작침mabujakchim | noun perseverance; grinding an axe into a needle |
| 막역지우magyeokjiu | noun a bosom friend, a very close friend |
| 만고불변mangobulbyeon | noun eternal and unchanging |
| 만사형통mansahyeongtong | noun everything going smoothly |
| 망양보뢰mangyangboroe | noun fixing things after it's too late |
| 망운지정mangunjijeong | noun longing for one's distant parents |
| 맥수지탄maeksujitan | noun grief over one's fallen country |
| 명경지수myeonggyeongjisu | noun a calm, clear mind |
| 명약관화myeongyakgwanhwa | noun crystal clear, plain as day |
| 목불식정mokbulsikjeong | noun completely illiterate, unable to read even the simplest letter |
| 무릉도원mureungdowon | noun a utopia, an earthly paradise |
| 문경지교mungyeongjigyo | noun a friendship so deep you'd die for each other |
| 물아일체murailche | noun oneness of self and the world |
| 반포지효banpojihyo | noun filial devotion; repaying one's parents' care |
| 방약무인bangyangmuin | noun acting as if no one else exists, arrogant and inconsiderate |
| 백면서생baengmyeonseosaeng | noun a pale-faced bookworm with no real-world experience |
| 백척간두baekcheokgandu | noun a desperate, extremely dangerous situation |
| 부창부수buchangbusu | noun husband and wife in perfect harmony |
| 불가사의bulgasaui | noun mystery, wonder, something inexplicable |
| 불원천리burwoncheolli | noun going a long way gladly, not minding the distance |
| 비분강개bibungangae | noun righteous indignation, grief and outrage |
| 빙탄지간bingtanjigan | noun a relationship like fire and ice, total incompatibility |
| 사분오열sabunoyeol | noun split into many factions, torn apart |
| 사생결단sasaenggyeoldan | noun a life-or-death resolve, fighting to the end |
| 삼인성호saminseongho | noun a lie repeated enough becomes accepted as truth |
| 생사고락saengsagorak | noun life and death, joys and sorrows shared |
| 선공후사seongonghusa | noun putting public interest before private interest |
| 설왕설래seorwangseollae | noun back-and-forth arguing, heated debate |
| 수구초심suguchosim | noun longing for home, homesickness |
| 수불석권subulseokgwon | noun always reading, never putting a book down |
| 순진무구sunjinmugu | noun pure and innocent, without a trace of guile |
| 식자우환sikjauhwan | noun knowledge brings worry; ignorance is bliss |
| 신출귀몰sinchulgwimol | noun appearing and vanishing like a ghost, elusive |
| 아연실색ayeonsilsaek | noun dumbstruck and pale with shock |
| 양두구육yangduguyuk | noun false advertising, a fine front hiding something worse |
| 양상군자yangsanggunja | noun a thief (polite, humorous euphemism) |
| 어로불변eorobulbyeon | noun utter illiteracy, unable to tell similar letters apart |
| 언감생심eongamsaengsim | noun wouldn't dare even dream of it |
| 엄동설한eomdongseolhan | noun the dead of winter, bitter winter cold |
| 역발산기개세yeokbalsangigaese | noun enormous strength and spirit, mighty enough to move mountains |
| 연전연승yeonjeonyeonseung | noun winning every battle, an unbroken winning streak |
| 오월동주owoldongju | noun bitter enemies forced to cooperate, strange bedfellows |
| 옥석구분okseokgubun | noun good and bad perishing together, indiscriminate destruction |
| 요산요수yosanyosu | noun loving mountains and rivers, enjoying nature |
| 욕속부달yoksokbudal | noun haste makes waste, more haste, less speed |
| 용호상박yonghosangbak | noun a fierce clash between two equally strong rivals |
| 원화소복wonhwasobok | noun warding off misfortune and inviting good fortune |
| 유유자적yuyujajeok | noun living a carefree, leisurely life at one's own pace |
| 읍참마속eupchammasok | noun sacrificing someone dear for the sake of discipline or principle |
| 이란격석irangyeokseok | noun a hopeless fight against overwhelming odds |
| 이합집산ihapjipsan | noun constantly splitting and regrouping, shifting alliances |
| 일각여삼추ilgagyeosamchu | noun a moment feeling like years, waiting impatiently |
| 일도양단ildoyangdan | noun settling something decisively in one stroke |
| 일목요연ilmogyoyeon | noun clear at a glance, neatly organized |
| 일엽편주iryeoppyeonju | noun a tiny lone boat, a small boat adrift |
| 일장춘몽iljangchunmong | noun a fleeting dream, the vanity of life and glory |
| 자강불식jagangbulsik | noun constant self-improvement without rest |
| 장삼이사jangsamisa | noun ordinary people, any Tom, Dick, or Harry |
| 적수공권jeoksugonggwon | noun empty-handed, starting from nothing |
| 전도유망jeondoyumang | noun promising, having a bright future |
| 전인미답jeoninmidap | noun untrodden, never achieved by anyone before |
| 절차탁마jeolchatangma | noun diligent self-cultivation, constantly honing one's skills |
| 정저지와jeongjeojiwa | noun a frog in a well, a person with a narrow view |
| 조강지처jogangjicheo | noun a wife who has shared hardship since poorer days |
| 주지육림jujiyungnim | noun extravagant feasting, decadent luxury |
| 중과부적junggwabujeok | noun being outnumbered, the few can't beat the many |
| 지리멸렬jirimyeollyeol | noun incoherent, completely disorganized, in disarray |
| 지음jieum | noun a true friend who understands you completely, a soulmate friend |
| 천편일률cheonpyeonillyul | noun monotonous, all the same, stereotyped |
| 천의무봉cheonuimubong | noun flawless and natural, without any trace of artifice |
| 청렴결백cheongnyeomgyeolbaek | noun incorruptible, spotlessly honest |
| 청산유수cheongsanyusu | noun speaking fluently and eloquently, a smooth talker |
| 초록동색chorokdongsaek | noun birds of a feather, like sticks with like |
| 추풍낙엽chupungnagyeop | noun falling like leaves in autumn wind, collapsing in large numbers |
| 춘추전국chunchujeonguk | noun a chaotic period of many competing rivals |
| 쾌도난마kwaedonanma | noun cutting through a mess decisively, solving a tangled problem swiftly |
| 타초경사tachogyeongsa | noun tipping off the enemy by acting carelessly |
| 태산북두taesanbukdu | noun a leading authority, a towering figure in a field |
| 토붕와해tobungwahae | noun total collapse, falling apart completely |
| 파안대소paandaeso | noun bursting into hearty laughter |
| 평지풍파pyeongjipungpa | noun stirring up trouble out of nowhere |
| 포복절도pobokjeoldo | noun laughing so hard one doubles over |
| 풍수지탄pungsujitan | noun regret at being unable to care for parents who have died |
| 필부필부pilbupilbu | noun ordinary men and women, common folk |
| 함흥차사hamheungchasa | noun someone who never comes back or replies, no news at all |
| 허허실실heoheosilsil | noun a battle of wits with feints and real attacks, mind games |
| 현모양처hyeonmoyangcheo | noun a wise mother and good wife (traditional ideal) |
| 혈혈단신hyeolhyeoldansin | noun all alone in the world, without any family |
| 호구지책hogujichaek | noun a way to make a bare living, means of subsistence |
| 호사다마hosadama | noun good things come with many obstacles |
| 혹세무민hoksemumin | noun deceiving and misleading the public |
| 화이부동hwaibudong | noun getting along with others without blindly conforming |
| 화중지병hwajungjibyeong | noun pie in the sky, something you can't actually have |
| 후생가외husaenggaoe | noun the younger generation deserves respect, juniors may surpass their elders |
| 가처분gacheobun | noun provisional disposition, preliminary injunction |
| 가집행gajiphaeng | noun provisional execution of a judgment |
| 공탁gongtak | noun deposit with the court, legal deposit |
| 구상권gusanggwon | noun right of reimbursement, right of recourse |
| 등기부deunggibu | noun official register, property registry |
| 변호권byeonhogwon | noun right to counsel, right of defense |
| 불법체류bulbeopcheryu | noun illegal stay, overstaying a visa |
| 사해행위sahaehaengwi | noun fraudulent transfer to defeat creditors |
| 소멸시효somyeolsihyo | noun statute of limitations, extinctive prescription |
| 신의성실sinuiseongsil | noun good faith, the principle of good faith and fair dealing |
| 위헌법률심판wiheonbeomnyulsimpan | noun constitutional review of a statute |
| 제척기간jecheokgigan | noun exclusion period, statutory time limit for a right |
| 즉결심판jeukgyeolsimpan | noun summary trial for minor offenses |
| 채권양도chaegwonyangdo | noun assignment of claims, transfer of receivables |
| 청구권cheonggugwon | noun right to claim, claim |
| 형사보상hyeongsabosang | noun criminal compensation for wrongful detention or conviction |
| 환매hwanmae | noun repurchase, buyback |
| 경기순환gyeonggisunhwan | noun business cycle |
| 공급과잉gonggeupgwaing | noun oversupply, glut |
| 과잉유동성gwaingyudongseong | noun excess liquidity |
| 구매력gumaeryeok | noun purchasing power |
| 금본위제geumbonwije | noun the gold standard |
| 기축통화gichuktonghwa | noun key currency, reserve currency |
| 대손daeson | noun bad debt, loan loss |
| 리스크riseukeu | noun risk |
| 명목myeongmok | noun name, pretext; nominal (value) |
| 신용경색sinyonggyeongsaek | noun credit crunch |
| 유상증자yusangjeungja | noun paid-in capital increase, rights offering |
| 무상증자musangjeungja | noun bonus issue, free share distribution |
| 자본잠식jabonjamsik | noun capital erosion, impairment of capital |
| 재정건전성jaejeonggeonjeonseong | noun fiscal soundness, fiscal health |
| 조세피난처josepinancheo | noun tax haven |
| 차익거래chaikgeorae | noun arbitrage |
| 고혈당gohyeoldang | noun high blood sugar, hyperglycemia |
| 뇌척수액noecheoksuaek | noun cerebrospinal fluid |
| 면역억제제myeonyeogeokjeje | noun immunosuppressant |
| 병상byeongsang | noun sickbed; hospital bed |
| 부검bugeom | noun autopsy |
| 사인sain | noun cause of death |
| 심정지simjeongji | noun cardiac arrest |
| 육종yukjong | noun sarcoma |
| 조영제joyeongje | noun contrast agent, contrast dye |
| 중추신경jungchusingyeong | noun central nervous system, central nerves |
| 말초신경malchosingyeong | noun peripheral nerves, peripheral nervous system |
| 투석tuseok | noun dialysis |
| 패혈증paehyeoljeung | noun sepsis, blood poisoning |
| 혈소판hyeolsopan | noun platelet |
| 백혈구baekhyeolgu | noun white blood cell, leukocyte |
| 적혈구jeokhyeolgu | noun red blood cell, erythrocyte |
| 대뇌daenoe | noun cerebrum |
| 소뇌sonoe | noun cerebellum |
| 전두엽jeonduyeop | noun frontal lobe |
| 측두엽cheukduyeop | noun temporal lobe |
| 해마haema | noun hippocampus |
| 편도체pyeondoche | noun amygdala |
| 신경전달물질singyeongjeondalmuljil | noun neurotransmitter |
| 도파민dopamin | noun dopamine |
| 세로토닌serotonin | noun serotonin |
| 지렁이도 밟으면 꿈틀한다jireongido balbeumyeon kkumteulhanda | expression even the meekest person will fight back if pushed too far (lit. even an earthworm wriggles when stepped on) |
| 미꾸라지 한 마리가 온 웅덩이를 흐려 놓는다mikkuraji han mariga on ungdeongireul heuryeo nonneunda | expression one bad apple spoils the bunch (lit. one loach muddies the whole pond) |
| 하룻강아지 범 무서운 줄 모른다harutgangaji beom museoun jul moreunda | expression the inexperienced don't know what to fear; fools rush in (lit. a day-old puppy doesn't know to fear the tiger) |
| 서당 개 삼 년이면 풍월을 읊는다seodang gae sam nyeonimyeon pungworeul eumneunda | expression you pick things up just by being around them long enough (lit. after three years at a village school, even the dog recites poetry) |
| 닭 쫓던 개 지붕 쳐다보듯dak jjotdeon gae jibung chyeodabodeut | expression left staring helplessly after something one has lost (lit. like a dog looking up at the roof after chasing a chicken) |
| 첫술에 배부르랴cheotsure baebureurya | expression you can't expect perfect results right away; Rome wasn't built in a day (lit. would the first spoonful fill you up?) |
| 우물을 파도 한 우물을 파라umureul pado han umureul para | expression stick to one thing and see it through (lit. even if you dig a well, dig just one well) |
| 열 번 찍어 안 넘어가는 나무 없다yeol beon jjigeo an neomeoganeun namu eopda | expression persistence pays off; keep trying and you'll win anyone over (lit. there's no tree that won't fall after ten chops) |
| 공든 탑이 무너지랴gongdeun tabi muneojirya | expression sincere hard work never goes to waste (lit. would a tower built with great care collapse?) |
| 구르는 돌에는 이끼가 끼지 않는다gureuneun doreneun ikkiga kkiji anneunda | expression a rolling stone gathers no moss; if you keep active, you won't stagnate |
| 낮말은 새가 듣고 밤말은 쥐가 듣는다nammareun saega deutgo bammareun jwiga deunneunda | expression walls have ears; be careful what you say (lit. birds hear daytime words and mice hear nighttime words) |
| 말 한마디로 천 냥 빚을 갚는다mal hanmadiro cheon nyang bijeul gamneunda | expression the right words can work wonders (lit. one word can repay a debt of a thousand nyang) |
| 아니 땐 굴뚝에 연기 날까ani ttaen gulttuge yeongi nalkka | expression where there's smoke, there's fire (lit. would smoke rise from a chimney with no fire lit?) |
| 열 길 물속은 알아도 한 길 사람 속은 모른다yeol gil mulsogeun arado han gil saram sogeun moreunda | expression you can never truly know what's in someone's heart (lit. you can know water ten fathoms deep, but not a person's heart one fathom deep) |
| 웃는 얼굴에 침 못 뱉는다unneun eolgure chim mot baenneunda | expression it's hard to be harsh with someone who is friendly (lit. you can't spit on a smiling face) |
| 쥐구멍에도 볕 들 날 있다jwigumeongedo byeot deul nal itda | expression every dog has its day; good times will come eventually (lit. even a mouse hole will get sunshine one day) |
| 공짜라면 양잿물도 마신다gongjjaramyeon yangjaenmuldo masinda | expression people will take anything if it's free (lit. if it's free, one would even drink lye) |
| 말 타면 경마 잡히고 싶다mal tamyeon gyeongma japigo sipda | expression the more you get, the more you want (lit. once on a horse, you want someone to lead it by the reins) |
| 개같이 벌어서 정승같이 쓴다gaegachi beoreoseo jeongseunggachi sseunda | expression earn money through any honest hard work, but spend it nobly (lit. earn like a dog, spend like a high minister) |
| 원님 덕에 나팔 분다wonnim deoge napal bunda | expression to enjoy perks thanks to someone else's position, to ride on someone's coattails (lit. to blow the trumpet thanks to the magistrate) |